414 MITCHEL CARROLL 
Although the paired condition of the supernumerary may, and 
probably frequently does, originate in Camnula in the above 
fashion, through the process of fertilization, evidence has been 
presented that it does not always do so. A gamete containing 
two homologous extra elements is sometimes formed (see ‘Classes 
of Spermatozoa’); both these elements may thus be inherited 
from one parent. 
The triplicate condition of the supernumerary seen in figures 
41, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, and 64, if inherited from the parents, may 
be derived in Camnula in two ways. Obviously, where gametes, 
some with the extra element unpaired and some with it paired, are 
being formed in a population occupying a particular area, sooner 
or later a gamete of the first class should conjugate with one of the 
second class. The zygote would consequently have in its chromo- 
some groups three homologous supernumeraries. The second 
method of origin of the triplicate condition is clearly of very rare 
occurrence, but may happen. It has already been pointed out, in 
connection with the tabulation of the classes of spermatozoa 
formed by the atypical individuals, that a gamete containing 
three extra homologues may be formed. It is thus possible for 
an animal to inherit all three supernumeraries from one parent. 
But it is not probable that any of the individuals considered in 
this paper inherited the supernumerary in a triploid condition. 
C. Source of the variations in the complex within the individual . 
It is possible, I think, by an interpretation of the chromosome 
counts in individuals showing variations in number within the 
testis, to determine at what phase in the germ-cell cycle these 
variations arose. . 
Although mutations in the chromosome complex giving rise to 
supernumeraries have been observed to take place only in the 
maturation mitoses, we may suppose for the sake of argument 
that similar breakages in chromosomes and irregularities in divi- 
sion may occur anywhere along the germ line. 
We do not know the early history of the germ cells in the 
Acrididae, but it is possible that all the germ cells in an individual 
