386 PECKHAM. [Vol. r. 



movements of the legs and palpi. A second time he walked 

 away and came back, but this time he came so close as to touch 

 the oil with one leg, whereupon he hurried away, evidently in 

 distress. Half an hour later we found him with his legs drawn 

 in, looking very miserable, but when the oil of peppermint was 

 held three inches away he immediately came to it and stood 

 near it for about a minute, when it was removed. 



We next tested a Phil(2us niilitaris S , placing him on a table 

 and using oil of peppermint, but holding the rod, at first clean 

 and then wet with the oil, behind him and just over the extrem- 

 ity of the abdomen. When the clean rod was used he remained 

 perfectly quiet ; but when it approached him wet with the pep- 

 permint, he raised his first legs and palpi very high, and moved 

 them up and down, turning from side to side, and trying to 

 reach the rod, which was kept behind him. 



Another male of the same species was experimented upon 

 in the same way, excepting that cologne was substituted for 

 oil of peppermint. This one also made no response to the 

 clean rod ; but when the cologne was held behind him he stood 

 with his head and first legs erect for several minutes, and then 

 turned and tried to reach it. 



A female of Astia vittata gave the following results : When 

 the clean rod approached her from in front she paid no atten- 

 tion to it ; when the oils of lavender and cedar were used she 

 raised her head and backed away ; when oil of cloves was used 

 she raised her first legs and palpi and struck at it, but when 

 peppermint was used she became greatly excited, dancing 

 about with her legs and palpi raised, and finally leaped upon 

 the rod. 



A little colony of Drapetisca socialis, which we found on the 

 wall of a smoke-house, was now made the subject of a series 

 of experiments. An empty bottle was held near ten individuals 

 in succession. They remained quiet. An open bottle of oil 

 of peppermint was then used in the same way. All indicated 

 that they noticed it, at first by moving their legs, and afterward 

 by walking away. A dry cork was held near six individuals. 

 They paid no attention to it. A cork wet with oil of winter- 

 green was substituted, when they acted as they had with the 

 peppermint. The corks and bottles were held sometimes 

 behind and sometimes in front of them. Both males and 



