ON RAINS CAVE, LONGCLIKFE, DERBVSHIRK. 37 



peculiarity of this frontal are the confluent and massive supraciliary 

 ridges, and the ill-filled and retreating forehead, so noticeable that 

 several inexperienced friends mistook it for part of a gorilla's skull. 

 Yet there are no grounds for regarding it as of the " extremely 

 low type " of some of the newspaper notices. It is the skull of a 

 very old person, presumably man ; this is indicated in many ways, 

 notably by the obliterated sutures and the condition of the lower jaw, 

 the walls of the alveoli being in some cases absorbed, and the cavi- 

 ties filled up with new bone. In such a case, those parts of the 

 frontal which lie immediately upon the brain will have followed the 

 old-age retreat of the latter, and hence leave the ridges of the lower 

 forehead in greater relief than would obtain in earlier life. Apart 

 from this, it is difficult to say what is the true tilt of the forehead 

 when the rear parts of the skull are not in situ. Still, it must be 

 allowed that the aspect of the forehead is by no means prepossessing. 



Skull B of which there is a large part of the frontal, evidently 

 belonged to a youngish individual, and has a remarkable likeness to 

 the previous frontal, so much so as to suggest that the owners 

 belonged to the same family. There are two complete parietals, but 

 it is doubtful whether they belonged to this frontal : probably they 

 belong to a fragment of another the writer has marked e, of apparently 

 similar type. A lower jaw of a youth, devoid of wisdom teeth, seems 

 to belong to this Skull E, which has all the marks of having belonged 

 to an individual of the same period of life. 



Skull c : This the writer has been able to rebuild to a great extent. 

 The face and anterior parts are almost complete, and of the rear and 

 lower sides there are many fragments, but which cannot be put into 

 place on account of missing intervening portions. This skull has 

 many points of difference from those above ; it is of lighter build j the 

 forehead is broader; the supraciliary are separated, and although sharply 

 defined are not massive ; and generally it has an intelligent and more 

 cultured appearance. Although it is impossible to ascertain the 

 cephalic index, there is no doubt of its being a typical long or dolicho- 

 cephalic skull : when viewed laterally the contour is decidedly that of 

 such a skull. Noticeable features are the shallowness of the calvarial 

 arch, and its longitudinal carination, and the flatness of the temporal 



