I02 REPORT OF THE EXCAVATIONS IN 1889-I9OO. 



feet, in thickness. Three rooms and a courtyard have been 

 partially cleared, but much remains yet to be done. To the west 

 of the Prgetorium was found a tile floor fourteen feet by thirteen 

 feet ; probably the floor of the granary. The floor had evidently 

 at some time been repaired with rooflng and other tiles. Some 

 of the original tiles, eight inches square and two inches thick, 

 still remain in their original position. A complete tegula, or 

 roofing tile, though in two parts, is very interesting, and probably 

 unique. The walls uncovered have all been cemented with 

 Earle's cement to protect them from the weather and from being 

 damaged by visitors. Long trenches have been dug in all 

 directions, revealing the clay floors of the soldiers' huts, roads, 

 and workshops. From these have been recovered a considerable 

 quantity of Roman pottery, iron nails, knife, discus or quoit, 

 lead weights for weighing purposes and for fishing lines, sheet 

 lead with nail holes in it, lead spindle whorl, fragments of glass 

 tumblers, bottles, and window glass, the edges bevelled, a proof 

 that the window-panes were made to standard sides. Similar 

 glass has been found at the Roman " Station " at Wilderspool, 

 and elsewhere. Various beads, probably belonging to ladies' 

 necklaces, a silver denarius of Domitian, a.d. 81-96, a third 

 brass coin of Hadrian, a.d. i 17-139, and others not yet 

 identified ; whetstones, querns, and millstones, charcoal, the 

 outer portions of bracken, which was most likely used for 

 bedding purposes, bones and teeth of animals, oak spars and 

 tiles, one marked V.V., possibly for the well-known motto of 

 the 20th Legion. 



The Roman pottery consists of nearly every kind of domestic 

 article, such as amphorae, ampullae, ollae, paterae, mortaria, etc., 

 many with potters' marks, but mostly in fragments. The Samian 

 ware is ornamented with fowls, dogs, deer, boars, trees, etc., 

 several pieces bearing the name of the potter. The Upchurch 

 ware is of the usual network pattern, the meshes varying 

 in size. A small portion of black ware, having a series of 

 pellets arranged in squares, circles, and lines, may most probably 

 be later British, probably portions of cinerary urns. The white 



