T76 



CARL S WARK. 



The name has led some to suppose Carl's Wark a Srandi- 

 navian work, but as already shown, this prehistoric fort existed 

 long before Dane or any Norseman touched our land.* 



Lacking the invaluable evidence of pick and spade, we know 

 not whether Neolithic or bronze-age man left relics here, and it 

 is vain to speculate as to the length of time the fort existed ere 

 the Romans came, and whether it played any part in the long 

 resistance of the northern tribes to the march of the imperial 

 letrions. 



The solid lines on the west indicate walls of dry-lxiilt stones. 



Wi^-.. 



Leaving the question of its date till some happy time when 

 careful excavations may throw light on the darkness of our 

 ignorance, I pass to the characteristics of the fortress. 



Various writers have essayed to describe them since Hayman 

 Rooke wrote to the Society of Antiquaries in 1783! — Bateman,t 

 Wilkinson,§ Pennington,|| Addy,1I myself,** and others ; but it 



* Perhaps the variants of the name may suggest Celtic origin, as the 

 fortress has been known also as Caer's or Cair's Wark; Caer signified a 

 fortified place. 



t Arclucologia, vii., p. 175. A Further Adouiif of some Dritidical Kemaiiis 

 in Derby s /tire (two plates), I785- 



X Vestiges of the Antiquities of Derbyshire, 1848. 



§ Reliquary, i., p. 159. On some of the Vestiges of the Britons near 

 Hat he I sage, i860. 



II Notes nn the Barrows and Bone Caves, 1877. 



T The Hall of IValtheof 1893. 



'''^Journal of British Archieological Association N.S. vii. Early Defensive 

 Earthworks, IQOI. 



