26 - KANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 
such, rather than to the protatoms as individuals. Thereafter it will be trans- 
mitted and emitted by the aggregate as a regular wave. Of such nature are 
light waves and all other forms of radiation—they are all induced in the ether 
by the vibration of aggregates; that is, for the most part, by vibration of atoms 
and molecules. The motion is no longer one of individual impulse, as it was in 
the outer chaotic ether, but is now an organized wave. Should there be but one 
such aggregate, the organized wave would again become broken up by the ulti- 
mate preponderance of individual impacts as it moves on into the chaotic ether, 
and the single aggregate we have been considering would not be shifted in space. 
But suppose another aggregation of protatoms in the vicinity. This is also re- 
ceiving chaotic impacts from all sides, and sending out organized waves; but on 
the face turned toward the neighboring aggregate it is also receiving wave im- 
pacts. The waves thus propagated between these neighboring aggregates will 
necessarily neutralize each other to some extent, as in the case of tuning-forks 
vibrating in air, and the result is the aggregates are driven toward each other. 
They meet and rebound, or circle about each other, according to their masses, 
previous motions, and resultant directions taken. They are a ‘molecule.’’ The 
same principles hold good for larger aggregates and aggregations of aggregates. 
This is gravity. Itismore. It is a persisting principle throughout the cosmos. 
It is the cause of cohesion, of adhesion, of chemism. Electricity, light, magnet- 
ism, are due to more orderly waves. They are the ones we can in a measure 
handle. 
If we can in a measure control these waves between bodies, we can to the ex- 
tent of that control annul the force of gravity. What more is magnetism than 
the exercise of such control? A magnet will prevent a bit of iron from falling; 
that is, the gravity waves between the earth and the bit of iron fall far short of 
neutralizing each other to the extent that other waves between the magnet and 
the piece of iron are neutralized; and the latter two are driven together with con- 
siderable force. 
Again, gravity action is overcome by ‘‘static electric charges.’’ What is an 
‘‘electrified’’ body? Itis one whose atoms and protatoms have been thrown into 
such a state of vibration that a preponderance of the ether impacts they suffer 
are harmonized, and the energy of the impacts is given out as that of definite 
waves in the ether. The waves from a ‘positively’? charged body neutralize 
those from a *‘ negatively’? charged body to an unusually marked degree, and the 
two are driven together with a very perceptible force. They touch and are “‘dis- 
charged.”” But what is a ‘‘discharge’’? It is simply a breaking up of the 
previously induced condition of regularity of vibration of atoms and protatoms 
which was called ‘‘charging.’’ But how is a body charged? Break a lump of 
sugar, and the two halves become electrified. The atoms are set into regular vi- 
bration by the rupture, just as a tuning-fork is set into vibration by suddenly 
releasing its prongs from pressure. All frictional charges are due to a sudden 
separation of particles. But an electric charge may be obtained by induction; so 
can a tuning-fork be set to vibrating by the sympathetic vibration of another 
fork of like pitch. Indeed, all forms of electrification, current as well as static, 
may be said to inhere in vibrations established either by sudden separation of 
particles, whether by mechanical friction or by chemical action, or the vibrations 
are established by induction. 
Furthermore, we may know now what becomes of energy radiated ‘‘ into space.”’ 
Of all the heat and light radiated from the sun, only a very small part falls upon 
the members of the solar system, and a still smaller portion strikes the members 
of other systems. The sun is buta point of light as viewed from the other stars. 
