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Universities of Breslau and Würzburpr, the Corresponding Membership of 

 the Academies of Berlin, Göttingen, and Munich, and the Honorary Member- 

 ship of the „Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft" of Jena. 



During his career as a working biologist Huxley published close 

 upon 150 monographs and papers, exclusive of text-books and addresses. 

 Those dealing with Reptilia and Mammalia are numerically the most 

 conspicuous, and next in order come those upon Arthropoda, Mollusca, and 

 Fishes. The series embody work of the highest order in all the great 

 groups of animals. His monograph on the Skull marked an epoch, and 

 dealt the death blow to the vertebrate theory of that structure as elabo- 

 rated by Owen. The circumstances which led up to his introduction of the 

 term Sauropsida, at a time when belief in the dentigerous nature of Archseo- 

 pteryx, altho' advocated in a paper of great acumen by Mr. (now Sir) 

 John Evans, was not accepted, are sufficient to establish the power of the 

 man. His classic on the Cephalous Mollusca is too well known to need 

 comment here, and his comparison between the two layers of the Ccelenterate 

 Body and the inner and outher epithelia of the Vertebrate Embryo is as 

 historically interesting as it has proved to be important. 



Concerning his text-books little need be said. His "Manual of the 

 Anatomy of Yertebrated Animals" remains to-day the best of its kind ; 

 his "Crayfish, an Introduction to the Study of Zoology", is a perfect 

 model of a truly scientific treatise, and it illustrates a principle which 

 he advocated in his classwork, viz. that before generalizing upon an in- 

 dividual organism that should be studied in all possible aspects and 

 associations. His "Mans Place in Nature" and his "Lessons in Elementary 

 Physiology" are the most popular of his books, and while a series of 

 lectures upon which the former was based have been translated into 

 several European languages, the latter has been done even into Japanese. 



As a teacher, Huxley early recognized the necessity for reform in 

 the existing methods and for a wider dissemination of the truths of 

 physical science. His "Elementary Biology" marks the period of a com- 

 plete revolution in the teaching of Botany and Zoology, and the intro- 

 duction of methods which are now becoming universal. His "Physior 

 graphy, an Introduction to the Study of Nature", is to be associated with 

 a no less important and a far-reaching work of a missionary order, in 

 which, in co-operation with his staunch friend and admirer Gen. (now Sir 

 John) Donnelly, Secretary of the Science and Art Department of the 

 State, he played a leading part in the development of science teaching 

 throughout the country and in the dissemination of the principles of 

 science among the masses. To this the more recently developed uni- 

 versity extension system would appear to have been to no small extent 

 due, by force of example. 



Huxley was among ihe first to recognize the significance of the cen- 

 tral truth of Daewin'is Evolutionary Hypothesis, and as early as 1859 

 he took up the cudgels in its defence. His warfare and its outcome are 

 now matters of history. A naturalist in the ordinarily accepted sense 

 he was not. For museum work he had no taste, and the associations of 

 the dissecting room he never fully overcame. The constructive side of 

 nature most charmed him ; and he studied Biology not so much for its 

 own sake as for that of its application and as a means of approaching 

 ultimate principles of thought. The object of his labors, in his own words, 



