270 



Appendix II. 

 Summary of Cases of Rudimentary Rib i» the Present Investigation. 



Case A : English : male : adult (Fig. V) : Seventh cervical rib. Cut off by vein 



Bilateral. 

 Case B: English: male: adult. Seventh cervical rib. Eight side — cut off 



by nerve (Fig. III). Left side — fused with first dorsal rib by in- 

 fluence of artery. (Fig. IV.) 

 Case C: English: male: adult. Rudimentary first dorsal rib. Eight side — 



fused with 2nd rib by influence of artery (Fig. IX). Left side — cut 



off by artery (Fig. XI). 

 Case D: English: female: twelve months of age. Seventh cervical rib. Eight 



side only— cut off by nerve. 

 Case E: English: sex unknown: adult: Seventh cervical rib, cut off by vein, 



Bilateral. 

 Case F: English: sex unknown: adult. Seventh cervical rib. Right side only. 



Fused with first dorsal at site of arterial crossing and forwards to 



anterior extremity. 

 Case Gr: English: sex unknown: adult. Eudimentary first dorsal rib. Fusion 



of first and second ribs at anterior end only (crossing of vein). Eight 



side only. 

 Case 731/89: Nubian: Male: adult. Seventh cervical rib. Eight side, com- 

 plete rib articulating with sternum (Fig. VI). Left side, articulating 



with first dorsal rib at site of crossing of artery. Shows intermediate 



cartilage between the rihs: cf. Fig. IV. 

 Case 2/1250: Nubian: female. Age 18—20. Eudimentary first dorsal rib. 



Left side only: fusion of first and second dorsal ribs at site of crossing 



of artery. (Fig. X.) 



Material. 



The foregoing investigation has been carried out on fourteen 

 examples of rudimentary ribs in the Manchester osteological collection. 



Some of these cases occurred in the dissecting room and post- 

 mortem theatre, and others were present already among the collection 

 of bones in the department. 



In addition the lesser variations illustrated in Figs. I, II, VII, 

 VIII, have been obtained from the study of forty skeletons taken at 

 random from the excellent Nubian collection at present housed in the 

 University of Manchester. 



The paper embodies part of the result of investigation carried 

 out under the terms of the Tom Jones Surgical Scholarship. 



I would acknowledge my indebtedness to Professors Young, Elliot 

 Smith, and Loerain Smith, for kindly placing this material at my 

 disposal. 



