453 



auricular septum is really complete and it appears probable that in 

 order to bring about the definitive condition the septum secundum 

 must have at first developed properly and then, secondarily, have lost 

 its connection with the auricular wall which in turn must have receded 

 somewhat to allow of the incorporation of a part of the superior cava 

 in the left auricle. 



Whether this be the correct explanation of the genesis of the 

 abnormality or not, there can be no doubt that the structural arrange- 

 ment which allowed the superior vena cava to deliver its stream of 

 mixed blood to two auricles, alone made it possible for the individual 

 to live for three score years and ten. 



The photographs were taken by Mr. William Gill. 



References. 



(1) Fawcett and Blackford, Journ. Anat. and Phys., p. 67, Vol. XXXV, 1901. 



(2) Thane, Proceedings Anat. See. Gt. B. and I. Jan. 1906. Journ. Anat. and 

 Phys., Vol. XLI, 1907. 



(3) Nebarro, Journ. Anat. and Phys., p. 382, Vol. XXXVII, 1903. 



(4) Meckel, Manual of General, Descriptive and Pathological Anatomy (English. 

 Translation by Sidney Doane) Vol. 11, p. 377. Philada. Pa. 1832. 



(5) Arnold, Jour. Anat. and Phys., p. 203, Vol. Ill, 1869, and Virchow's 

 Archiv. March 1868, p. 449. 



(In the case recorded by Arnold the spleen had entirely failed to 

 develop. This abnormality has also been recorded by Lawrence and 

 Nebarro, Journ. Anat. and Phys. p. 63, Vol. XXXVI, 1902, and by Major 

 Baker, Journ. Anat. and Phys., p. 504, Vol. XXXII, 1899. Lawrence and 

 Nebarro's case is particularly interesting in comparison with Arnold's 

 for in it there were marked cardiac abnormalities and there is some 

 reason to suppose that in it too a right pulmonary vein had an abnormal 

 connection.) 



(6) Greenfield, W. S., Journ. Anat. and Phys., p. 428, Vol. XXIV, 1890. 



(7) Hepburn, D., Journ. Anat. and Phys., p. 438, Vol. XXI, 1887. 



(8) Peacock, T. B., Malformations of the Human Heart, p. 15. London 1866. 



(9) Griffith, T. Wardrop, Journ. Anat. and Phys., p. 261 (plate XLII facing 

 p. 502), Vol. XXXIII, 1899. 



(10) Birmingham, A., Journ. Anat. and Phys., p. 139, Vol. XXVII, 1893. 



(11) Thiele, F. H., Proc. Anat. Soc. Gt. B. and I. Jan. 1903. Journ. Anat. and 

 Phys., Vol. XXXVII, 1903. 



(12) Symington, J., Proc. Anat. Soc. Gt. B. and I. Feb. 1900. Journ. Anat. and 

 Phys., Vol. XXXIV, 1900. 



(13) Blondel, Bull. Soc. Anat. de Paris, p. 389, 1901. 



