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Nachdruck verboten. 



Oll the Topography of the Pancreas in the Human Foetus. 



By C. M. Jackson, 

 Professor of Anatomy, University of Missouri. 



With 11 Figures. 



The topography of the pancreas in the adult and in the infant is 

 already well known. The earliest embryonic stages in the develop- 

 ment of the pancreas have likewise received much attention, and its 

 form and relations during this period are also fairly well determined. 

 During the intermediate period, however, only a few observations have 

 been recorded, and but Httle is known of the variations and changes 

 in the form and position of the pancreas. It is this period, i. e., from 

 the second month when the pancreas has already attained its definite 

 form up to the time of birth, with which the present paper is pri- 

 marily concerned. The earlier and later stages will be referred to only 

 in an incidental way. 



The material used in this investigation includes about fifty human 

 foetuses, chiefly hardened by intravascular injection of formalin, and 

 varying in age from the second month up to newborn. Of these fifty 

 specimens, six were cut into transverse sections ^), two into coronal 

 sections and thirteen into sagittal sections. The remainder were care- 

 fully dissected by removing the anterior abdominal wall and the over- 

 lying viscera. Four foetuses were dissected fresh, without hardening 

 or injection. The material was partly obtained in Berlin, and in part 

 belongs to my own collection of human embryos. In this connection 

 I wish to express my heartiest thanks to Prof. Wilhelm Waldeyer, 

 of the University of Berlin, in whose laboratory the work was begun, 

 for his valuable advice and assistance in various ways, I am also 

 indebted to the late Prof. His, and to Prof. Spalteholz for permission 

 to study the foetal sections in the anatomical museum of the University 

 of Leipzig. Through the courtesy of Prof Mall, I have likewise 

 been able to examine a number of series of sagittal sections in his 

 collection of human embryos at the Johns Hopkins University. 



1) Specimens of the later stages when well hardened with formalin 

 are readily sectioned with a large sharp knife without sawing or de- 

 calcification. The earlier stages were embedded and cut in serial sections. 



