497 



foetuses) the body ascends gradually from the neck to the tail at an 

 angle varying from twenty-five degrees to sixty degrees. A specimen 

 of this type is shown in Fig. 7. The ascending-horizontal 

 type is commonest, being found in ten of the twenty-four cases. In 

 this type the inner half of the body ascends at a variable angle 

 (average about forty-five degrees), the outer half extending nearly 

 horizontally outward (Fig. 4). The ascending-descending type 

 (present in four cases of the 

 twenty-four) presents an inverted 

 V-shaped appearance, the inner 

 half of the body ascending at a 

 more or less acute angle, the 

 outer half descending (Fig. 8). 

 Intermediate forms between the 

 various types are common. 



The four types of pancreas 

 just described are not to be con- 

 sidered as characteristic of the 

 foetus, however. They may all be 

 found also in the adult pancreas, 

 although apparently in different 



Fig. 6. A portion of a sagittal section 

 through the same foetus as in Fig. 5, but 

 passing about 1 cm, to i-he left of the 

 mid-line. )><^ 2. 



A.spl., V.spl. splenic arteiy and vein, 

 D. left crus of diaphragm. Duod. ter- 

 minal portion of duodenum. H. heart. 

 L.l. left lobe of liver. Oes. oesophagus. 

 Om. lesser omentum. P. section of pan- 

 creas, through neck region. P.p. processus 

 papillaris of the liver. Sti. suprarenal 

 body (innermost margin). 



proportions. If, for example, the forty outlines of the adult pancreas 

 accurately mapped out by Addison (1) be examined, it will be seen 

 that nearly half of them belong to the horizontal type (the rarest 

 type in the foetus), about one third to the ascending-horizontal type, 

 the remaining few to the ascending and ascending-descending types. 

 It appears, therefore, that Mettenheimer (10) and Charpy (4) are 

 correct in their statements that the pancreas in the new-born as a 

 rule ascends more steeply than in the adult. 



Returning to the consideration of the foetal types, it will be ob- 

 served that the inner and outer halves of the body of the pancreas 

 seem to vary in direction more or less independently of each other. 



Anat. Anz. XXVII. Aulsätze. 



32 



