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jejunal flexure in the adult. Since the ascending type of pancreas is 

 more frequent in the foetus, it follows that the duodeno-jejunal flexure 

 must accordingly occupy a relatively higher level. This seems ac- 

 tually to be the case, the average position of the duodeno-jejunal 

 flexure in the foetus being almost as high as the level of the pylorus 

 (corresponding to the "annular" type of duodenum in the infant). 



The outer portion of the body bears a similar, though not so 

 extensive, relation to the upper and inner aspect of the splenic flexure 

 of the colon (cf. Figs. 7 and 4). The variations in the direction of 

 the outer half of the pancreas therefore correspond accurately to the 

 variations in the level of the splenic flexure. The direction of the 

 pancreas does not seem to depend to any great extent upon the po- 



Fig. 8. A pancreas of the ascending-descending type, from new-born child (52 cm, 

 No. 17), anterior view. ^ 2. 



a.b. anterior surface of the body of the pancreas, a.h. anterior surface of the 

 head. a. p. area papillaris. A.g.d. Art. gastro-duodenalis. D. duodenal impression. 

 t. tail of pancreas. 



sition of the spleen, since the tail of the pancreas reaches the latter 

 at no fixed point. In the horizontal type of pancreas, the tail usually 

 reaches the lower part of the inner surface of the spleen, while in 

 ascending types it is apt to reach the middle of that surface, or higher. 

 In cases of marked splenic enlargement, however, the outer part of 

 the pancreas is usually depressed. 



The close agreement between the direction of the body of the 

 pancreas, and the positions of the duodeno-jejunal and splenic flexures 



32* 



