26 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA 
ing with a square net similar to the above, but mounted on a curved pole which 
would enable the operator to rock the net up and down, forcing it through the 
tangle of plant. 
Many authors allude to bow-and-arrow fishing, (Whitney, page 95; Bates, 
page 77; Fleming, page 153; McGovern, page 234; Orton, page 478, et. seq.; 
Grubb, page 34). The method is practised chiefly in central Brazil up to the border 
of our territory. Grubb describes a method of using bow and arrow with the aid 
of a lure, made of white bark, cut in the form of a fish, whose details are drawn in 
Fic. 11. Fish-trap in the mouth of the Rio de Tingo, or Rio de Higueros, at Hudnuco on the 
Rio Huallaga. 
charcoal. Herndon describes a fishing arrow with detachable head. His compan- 
ion, Gibbon (page 193) not only describes, but gives an elaborate drawing of a 
system of bow-and-arrow fishing used by the Yuracaré tribe. It consists of a series 
of logs or large poles supported just above the water, and used as runways from 
which the barefoot fisherman could discharge his shafts into the quiet waters below, 
recovering them with his catch wherever they came near his footlogs. 
Hook-and-line methods are little employed in regions I visited, nor did J find 
fishhooks as ready a medium of exchange with the simple heathen in the traditional 
manner, as I had hoped. In fact, due to the corrosive effects of climate and the 
