84 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA 
brae greatly compressed, their neural spines freely expanded; gill opening a mere 
slit; air bladder well developed; adipose fin lacking; nares distal; dorsal fin very 
short; pectoral strongly spined. 
Subfamily: BUNOCEPHALINAE 
Differing from the Aspredininae in the short tail, with the anus equidistant 
from snout and end of caudal, anal rays not exceeding eleven in number. 
Genus 2: BUNOCEPHALUS Kner 
Bunocephalus Wner (part), 1855, Sitab. KIX. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XVII, 95; 
Bleeker, 1863, Nederl. Tijdsch. Dierk., I, 118, verrucosus; 
Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 14; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 379. 
Type: Platystacus verrucosus Bloch 
Peruvian Amazon to Surinam 
Aspredinids having short tails, well-developed dorsals, head depressed and 
without knobs, six barbels. Bony protuberances upon dorsal surface; pectorals 
with serrations both anterior and posterior. 
2. BUNOCEPHALUS BICOLOR Steindachner 
Bunocephalus bicolor Steindachner, 1882 (1883), Denksch. KK. Akad. 
Wiss. Wien, XLVI, 8, pl. ii, figs. 1-1b, Rio Huallaga, 1 specimen, 100 mm; 
Kigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sei., I, 17; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 380. 
The Amazons 
15411 and 15840, several, about 99 mm., creek, Yurimaguas, Allen, November, 1920. 
3. BUNOCEPHALUS KNERII Steindachner 
Bunocephalus knerii Steindachner, 1882 (1883), Denksch. KK. Akad. 
Wiss. Wien., XLVI, 9, pl. ix, figs. 2-2b; 
Boulenger, 1887, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 278, Canelos; 
Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., (2), I, 48; 
Kigenmann and EKigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 19; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, IIT, 380. 
Rio Huallaga and Canelos to Cudajas 
4. BUNOCEPHALUS ALEUROPSIS Cope 
Bunocephalus aleuropsis Cope, 1870, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XI, 568, Pebas; 
Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 19; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, IIT, 380. 
Known only from the types taken at Pebas, and in the collections of the 
Philadelphia Academy of Sciences. 
