238 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA 
Type: Stethaprion erythrops Cope 
Madeira basin of Bolivia to Peruvian and Ecuadorean Amazon 
A long, slender predorsal, equal to eye diameter, with a pair of lateral retrorse 
hooks at its middle, fitting into a groove before the dorsal fin; scales small, the ven- 
tral scales but slightly serrate; dorsal profile greatly arched, highest at the origin of 
the dorsal fin, where it forms an angle of about 120 degrees; ventral profile more 
convex, lowest at the origin of the anal fin; head broad above and compressed ven- 
trally; mouth large; ventral fins very small; lateral line but shghtly decurved. 
288. STETHAPRION ERYTHROPS Cope 
Stethaprion erythrops Cope, 1870, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XI, 562, fig. ¢, Pebas; 
Steindachner, 1882 (1883), Denksch. KIx. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLVI, 13, two, Rio Huallaga; 
Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LVIII, 481, fig. 59, Pebas; 
EKigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, IIT, 441; 
Eigenmann and Myers, 1929, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., XLIII, v, 501, pl. Ixx, fig. 1; pl. 
xevili, fig. 6, Iquitos, Yarinacocha. 
Amazons 
15803, 31, 60-100 mm., Yarinacocha, Allen, August, 1920. 
15877, 4, 64-92 mm., Rio Itaya, Iquitos, Allen, September, 1920. 
15886, 1, 66 mm., Iquitos, Allen, September, 1920. 
289. STETHAPRION CHRYSEUM Cope 
Stethaprion chryseum Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 261; 
Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 692; 
Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LVIII, 482, fig. 60; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 441; 
Eigenmann and Myers, 1929, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., XLII, v, 502. 
Lower Maranon 
May be identical with S. erythrops; not known except through the one 71-mm. 
specimen of the Hauxwell collection of Cope. 
Genus 110: EPHIPPICHARAX Fowler 
Fowlerina Bigenmann, 1907, Ann. Carnegie Mus., IV, 153; 
Eigenmann, 1907, Amer. Nat., XLI, 771 (preoccupied). 
Ephippicharax Fowler, 1913, Science, XX XVIII, 51; 
Fowler, 1914, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LXN-VI, 250; 
Eigenmann and Myers, 1929, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., XLII, v, 503. 
Type: Tetragonopterus compressus Ginther 
Peruvian Amazon, Guianas, to Paraguay and Rio Sao Francisco 
Predorsal spine simple with hollow below, and fitting scale-like into a notch in 
the predorsal line; preanal spine wanting; caudal scaled; anal with one row of scales 
and long, scales 34-36; preventral a single series of smooth, median scales. 
