ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 239 
290. ErpHIPPICHARAX ORBICULARIS (Cuvier and Valenciennes) 
Tetragonopterus orbicularis Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XXII, 138, Essequibo 
to Amazon; 
Giinther, 1868, Proce. Zool. Soc. London, 229; 
Kigenmann and Eigenmann, 1891, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 52. 
Fowlerina orbicularis Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 441; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 374, pl. xlvi, fig. 2. 
Ephippicharax orbicularis Fowler, 1914, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., LX. VI, 250; 
Pearson, 1925, Ind. Univ. Studies, no. 64, 48; 
Eigenmann and Myers, 1929, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., XLIII, v, 503, pl. Ixx, fig. 2; pl. 
xevill, fig. 5. 
Peruvian Amazon to Guianas and doubtfully R. Parahyba 
Third division—Serrasalmonine subfamilies 
Subfamily: SERRASALMONINAE 
Fishes collectively known as the pana, piranha, piraya, or perai, caribe, etc., 
in various countries. Abdomen trenchantly keeled and serrated, with a median 
series of scales or bony plates; compressed, elevated; dorsal fin long, anal long and 
with oblique basis; ventrals minute; scales small; predorsal naked; premaxillary 
and mandible with a single series of notched or lobate teeth; palate sometimes 
toothed. 
Genus 111: SERRASALMUS Lacépéde 
Serrasalmus Lacépede, 1803, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 283; 
Norman, 1928, Proce. Zool. Soc. London, 784. 
Serrasalmo Cuvier, 1819, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat., V, 367; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, ITI, 441; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 380; 
Eigenmann, 1915, Ann. Carnegie Mus., IX, 248; and authors generally. 
Type: Salmo rhombeus Linnaeus 
Orinoco and Guianas southward to Rio Paraguay and Bolivia 
Belly trenchant, serrate, serrae extending from the level of the pectorals to 
that of the anus; premaxillary with a single series of teeth; a series of triangular 
teeth on each side of the palatine; second suborbital covering about all of cheek; 
anal partially enclosed by scales. 
291. SERRASALMUS SPILOPLEURA Kner 
Serrasalmo spilopleura ner, 1859, Denksch. Kk. Akad. Wiss. Wien, X VIII, 35, taf. v, fig. 2, Matto 
Grosso, Guaporé; 
Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 370, Rio Capim; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, IIT, 442; 
Eigenmann, 1915, Ann. Carnegie Mus., IX, 252. 
