ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 265 
340. PyRRHULINA LUGUBRIS Eigenmann 
Pyrrhulina lugubris Eigenmann, 1922, Mem. Carnegie Mus., IX, 231, pl. xxi, fig. 1, Rio Meta; 
Myers, 1927, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., LX VIII, 111. 
Pyrrhulina obermiillert Myers, 1926, Copeia, no. 156, 150, Iquitos. 
Rios Meta and Maranon 
————.,, several, largest 55 mm., Iquitos, Allen, September, 1920. 
Subfamily: APHIOCHARACINAE 
Possibly, as indicated by Gregory and Conrad (1938, 335) these fishes are 
entitled to a place nearer the stem of the characinine group of subfamilies, uniting 
them with the cheirodonts. 
Genus 131: ODONTOSTILBE Cope 
Odontostilbe Cope, 1870, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XI, 566; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 429; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 311. 
Type: Odontostilbe fugitiva Cope 
Trinidad to the valley of the Maranon 
Minute fishes; teeth incisor-like, in a single series above and below, teeth 
having numerous cusps; lateral line complete. 
341. ODONTOSTILBE FUGITIVA Cope 
Odontostilbe fugitiva Cope, 1870, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XI, 566; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 429. 
Pebas region, lower Maranon 
Genus 132: APHYOCHARAX Giinther 
Aphyocharax Giimther, 1868, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 245, 254; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 429; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 312. 
Type: Aphyocharax pusillus Ginther 
Amazonia to Paraguay basin 
Separable from the cheirodonts in having a few teeth on the maxillary; dorsal 
fin long, situated midway of the length, behind the ventrals; anal long; lateral line 
not evident on all the scales; abdomen rounded before the ventrals; cleft of mouth 
narrow, maxillary short; premaxillary, maxillary, and mandible with a single series 
of pointed teeth; those of the premaxillary with three lateral cusps on one or both 
sides, others pointed; gill-membranes not adnate to the isthmus; frontal and parietal 
fontanels present. 
