ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES Died 
etc., the former are introduced here. Chalceus, with its affiliation to Piabucina 
is assigned to this subfamily, although by the authors mentioned (page 347, fig. 
27) it is placed under the Characinae. A relationship deduced from the study of 
the teeth would place the genus nearer Brycon, while skeletal characters would 
show closer allegiance with the Erythrinine group. The true relationship is not 
remote from either. 
Genus 148: CHALCEUS Cuvier 
Chalceus Cuvier, 1817, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat., IV, 454, pl. xxi; 
Cuvier, 1819, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat., V, 351; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 439; 
Higenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 372. 
Pellegrinina Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LVIIT, 442. 
Type: Chalceus macrolepidotus Cuvier 
Range that of the one species 
Teeth similar to those of Brycon, but with an outer series of multicuspid and 
an inner series of conical teeth on the mandible; premaxillary with teeth in three 
series; scales above the lateral line very large; greatly decurved lateral line, with 
much smaller scales beneath it; gill-membranes free; venter rounded. 
364. CHALCEUS MACROLEPIDOTUS Cuvier 
Chalceus macrolepidotus Cuvier, 1817, Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat., IV, 454, pl. xxi, fig. 1; 
Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X XII, 240; 
Ginther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 333; 
Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XXIII, 262, R. Ambyiacu; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 439; 
Kigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 372; 
Regan, 1912, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), X, 388. 
Chalceus macrolepidotus iquitensis Nakashima, 1941, Bol. Mus. Hist. Nat. Lima, V, 76. 
Pellegrinina heterolepis Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LVITI, 442, fig. 39. 
Guianas and upper Amazons 
15971, 4, 171-199 mm., Iquitos, Morris, 1922. 
17865, 12, 98-135 mm., Yarinacocha, Allen, August, 1920. 
17866, 3, 188-208 mm., Manaos, Allen, December, 1920. 
Much bright red remains in the caudal fins of the larger specimens even after 
twenty years in alcohol. 
Genus 144: PLETHODECTES Cope 
Plethodectes Cope, 1870, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XI, 563; 
Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LVIII, 441; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, ITI, 439. 
Chalceus Cope, 1872, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., X XIII, 262. 
