282 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA 
In other respects than those mentioned in the descriptions, the species differs 
from either Hoplias or Erythrinus and often occupies an intermediate position. 
The body form is more robust than in the former, and less so than the latter; 
scales intermediate in size, but less sculptured than in either; eye larger than in 
either; dorsal fin, caudal, and anal shaped more as in Hoplias, not as in Erythrinus; 
markings much more clearly defined than in either; paired fins less spotted than in 
either of the others; body color with less marbled effect than in the specimens from 
the Guianas. 
Genus 149: ERYTHRINUS Gronow 
Erythrinus Gronow, 1754, Mus. Ichth., II, 6, no. 154, pl. vii, fig. 6; 
Gronow, 1763, Zoophyl., 114; 
Scopoli, 1777, Hist. Nat., 449; 
Miiller and Troschel, 1845, Horae Ichth., I, 5; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 448; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 420. 
Synodus Bloch and Schneider, 1801, Syst. Ichth., 397. 
Hetererythrinus Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 283, salmoneus. 
Type: Salmo erythrinus Bloch and Schneider = Hrythrinus erythrinus Bloch and 
Schneider = Cyprinus cylindricus Linnaeus 
Guianas and Peru to Rio de Janeiro 
No occipital crest, fontanel or adipose fin; caudal well rounded; anterior nares 
marginal, tubular; gill-membranes free, gill-opening wide; walls of anterior portion 
of air-bladder cellular; palatine teeth villiform, in a single patch on the side; maxil- 
lary teeth pectinate, no canines; dentary with short, conical teeth; two canines near 
symphysis, the outer larger; all teeth blunt; snout decurved; pterygoids without 
teeth. 
371. ERYTHRINUS ERYTHRINUS (Bloch and Schneider) 
Cyprinus cylindricus Linnaeus, 1754, Mus. Adolphi Fred., 77, pl. xxx. 
Cyprinus cephalus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. x, I, 322; 
Linnaeus, 1766, Syst. Nat., ed. xu, I, 527. 
Synodus erythrinus Bloch and Schneider, 1801, Syst. Ichth., 397. 
Erythrinus erythrinus EKigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., (2), II, 107, Taba- 
tinga; 
Fowler, 1906 (1907), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LVIII, 294; 
Higenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 448; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 420. 
Erythrinus brevicauda Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 285; 
(Misspelled) Cope, 1870, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soe., XI, 566, Pebas, Hauxwell collection; 
Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., X VII, 694. 
Erythrinus salmoneus Gronow, 1754, Mus. Ichth., 170, Surinam; 
Ginther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 284; 
Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 694, Peruvian Amazon. 
