ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 329 
460. GymMNnotus CARAPO Linnaeus 
Carapo Marcgrave, 1648, Hist. Rer. Nat. Bras., 170. 
Gymnotus carapo Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. x, I, 246; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 450; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 425; 
Ellis, 1913, Mem. Carnegie Mus., VI, 117, fig. 2. 
Gymnotus carapus Eigenmann and Ward, 1905, Proce. Wash. Acad. Sci., VII, 175. 
Gymnotus fasciatus Pallas, 1769, Spic. Zool., VII, 35. 
Carapus fasciatus Cuvier, 1817, Regne Anim., II, 237; 
Steindachner, 1868, Sitzb. IKIk. Akad. Wiss. Wien, LVIII, 13; 
Giinther, 1870, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., VIII, 9; 
Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XXIII, 257, R. Ambyiacu; 
Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 682; 
Boulenger, 1887, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 282. 
Gymnotus brachiurus Bloch, 1786, Ausl. Fische, IT, 61, pl. 157, fig. 1. 
Carapus brachyurus Cuvier, 1817, Reégne Anim., II, 237. 
Sternopygus carapo Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1891, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 62. 
Giton fasciatus Eigenmann and Ward, 1905, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sei., VII, 177. 
Guatemala southward to La Plata, Andes eastward 
15420, 1, about 390 mm., Iquitos, Allen, November, 1920. 
15718, 3, 25, 185, and 205 mm., Iquitos, Allen, November, 1920. 
15724, many, 190-295 mm., creek, Yurimaguas, Allen, November, 1920. 
15992, 7, 142-247 mm., brooks, Rio Itaya, Allen, September, 1920. 
In the smallest the crossbands are fully developed on the body muscles, but 
do not extend over the muscles of the anal fin. In the middle-sized ones the bands 
extend to the anal, and in the largest they are broken into irregular double rows of 
spots on the back, remaining most completely outlined on the musculature of the 
anal fin. The lateral bands are most conspicuous in the smaller specimens from 
Yurimaguas, and remain the brightest on the tail. The occurrence of the brightest 
coloration in the swift, rocky streams of the piedmont and mountain sections is 
consistent with other cases previously mentioned. The coloration and markings 
of this species are much the brightest of all the members of the family, and quite 
naturally was the first to attract the attention of European naturalists among the 
five Linnaean species. 
Subfamily: ELECTROPHORINAE 
Genus 186: ELECTROPHORUS Gill 
Gymnotus (in part) Linnaeus, 1766, Syst. Nat., ed. xn, 427. 
Electrophorus Gill, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XVI, 151; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 450; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 424; 
Ellis, 1913, Mem. Carnegie Mus., VI, 114. 
(Excellent bibliography of older references). 
