ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 399 
514. Broropoma cupripo (Heckel) 
Geophagus cupido Heckel, 1840, Ann. Wiener Mus., IT, 399; 
Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 697, Peruvian Amazon; 
Pellegrin, 1903 (1904), Mém. Soc. Zool. France, XVI, 189; 
Regan, 1906, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), XVII, 54; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 479; 
Haseman, 1911e, Ann. Carnegie Mus., VII, 367. 
Mesops cupido Giinther, 1862, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., IV, 311. 
Geophagus (Mesops) cupido Steindachner, 1875, Sitzb. KK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, LX-XI, 147; 
Higenmann and Higenmann, 1891, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 70. 
Biotodoma cupido Higenmann and Kennedy, 1903, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., LV, 533; 
Higenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 501; 
Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proe. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., XCT, 281, six, 95-108 mm., Contamana. 
The Amazons to the Essequibo and Guaporé 
Genus 209: GEOPHAGUS Heckel 
Geophagus Heckel, 1840, Ann. Wiener Mus., I, 383; 
Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1891, Proce. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XIV, 70; 
Pellegrin, 1903 (1904), Mém. Soc. Zool. France, XVI, 189; 
EKigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 478; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 502, and authors generally. 
Type: Geophagus altifrons = Sparus surinamensis Bloch, according to EKigenmann ; 
logotype: Geophagus megasema Heckel, according to Jordan 
Panama to Argentina 
Similar to Biotodoma in the downward-projection of a lobe of the upper ramus 
of the gill-arch, with the rakers at its margin; also in the wide separation of the 
lateral line from the dorsal fin; unlike in that the lateral line is bifurcated on the 
caudal fin, and that the snout is longer, the ratio of the preorbital to the eye being 
about 2:1. 
Haseman found Geophagus nesting on the sand in the manner of North Ameri- 
can Centrarchids; eggs small and numerous, unlike the latter or mouth-breeders, 
but young were seen to take shelter in the mouth of the parent, evidently the female. 
515. GEOPHAGUS SURINAMENSIS (Bloch) 
Sparus surinamensis Bloch, 1791, Ausl. Fische., pl. 277, fig. 2. 
Geophagus surinamensis Miller and Troschel, 1848, in Schomburgk, Reisen, III, 625; 
Steindachner, 1875, Sitzb. Kix. Akad. Wiss. Wien, LX. XI, 122; 
Pellegrin, 1902, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., VIII, 182; 
Pellegrin, 1903 (1904), Mém. Soc. Zool. France, XVI, 198, two specimens, R. Ucayal, 
Castelnau collection; 
Regan, 1906, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), XVII, 55; 
Higenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, IIT, 478; 
Haseman, 1911ce, Ann. Carnegie Mus., VII, 362; 
Higenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 503, pl. Ixvi, fig. 3. 
