406 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA 
Middle series of scales 55; D. XXII, 10; A. III, 8 
———, 3, 117-138 mm., creek, Yurimaguas, Allen, November, 1920. 
If hybridization were known to occur among the species of Crenicichla, both 
C. geayi and C. saxatilis might be thought to have contributed to the pedigree of 
the three uncatalogued specimens. 
528. CRENICICHLA JOHANNA Heckel 
Crenicichla johanna Heckel, 1840, Ann. Wiener Mus., I, 417, R. Guaporé; 
Steindachner, 1882 (1883), Denksch. KK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, LX VI, 3, Rio Huallaga, one, 
250 mm.; 
Regan, 1905, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 168; 
Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 478; 
Haseman, 1911c, Ann. Carnegie Mus., VII, 356; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 520. 
Crenicichla joanna Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 697, Rio Marafion. 
Crenicichla johanna johanna Ginther, 1862, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., IV, 307. 
Crenicichla brasiliensis johanna Kigenmann and Eigenmann, 1891, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 69; 
Pellegrin, 1902, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., VIII, 182; 
Pellegrin, 1903 (1904), Mém. Soc. Zool. France, XVI, 383, fig. 42, 6. 
Venezuela and the Guianas to upper Amazons 
17773, 3, 192-282 mm., Rio Pacaya, Allen, August, 1920. 
Genus 214: PTEROPHYLLUM Heckel 
Pterophyllum Heckel, 1840, Ann. Wiener Mus., IT, 334; 
Giinther, 1862, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., IV, 316; 
Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1891, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 71; 
Pellegrin, 1903 (1904), Mém. Soc. Zool. France, XVI, 215; 
EKigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, IIT, 479; 
Eigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 520; 
Ahl, 1928, Zool. Anz., LX XVI, 319. 
Type: Platax scalaris Cuvier and Valenciennes 
Orinoco, Guiana, Amazons 
Extremely compressed and deep; spines of dorsal and anal graduated, the first 
rays prolonged into long filaments; gill-arch not modified, the rakers 11-14, moder- 
ate, stiff; teeth conical, in bands, the outer ones in each jaw larger than the inner; 
maxillary but slightly visible. 
529. PreROPHYLLUM SCALARE (Cuvier and Valenciennes) 
Platax scalaris Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1831, Hist. Nat. Poiss., VII, 237, Brazil. 
Pterophyllum scalaris Heckel, 1840, Ann. Wiener Mus., IT, 335, R. Negro; 
Ginther, 1862, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., IV, 316; 
Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XXIII, 250, R. Ambyiacu; 
Steindachner, 1875, Sitzb. IIx. Akad. Wiss. Wien, LX.XI, 136. 
