^3 TUCKERMAN. [Vol. VII. 



of the dorsum. There are from eighteen to twenty papillae on a 

 side, some of which are obviously transitional forms. The 

 lateral organs are wanting. The limiting fringe of filiform 

 papillae is present. 



GUSTATORY STRUCTURES. 



The Circumvallate PapillcB. — The papillae are flattened or 

 rounded on top, and measure 0.90 mm. transversely and 1.20 mm. 

 in height. At their upper part they bear many small secondary 

 papillae. Serous glands are not abundant. Their ducts open 

 at the sides and bottom of the trenches. The taste-bulbs are 

 not as numerous as one might be led to suppose from the large 

 number of gustatory papillae present. A few of them contain 

 upwards of a dozen tiers, but in the majority of papillae the dis- 

 position of the bulbs is quite irregular and, in some, bulbs 

 appear to be altogether wanting. They measure from 0.060 to 

 0.070 mm. in length and 0.036 to 0.040 mm. in breadth. 



The fungiform papillas are normal, and bear one or more 

 bulbs as usual. Between the circumvallate and fungiform types 

 of papillae are intermediate forms, bearing isolated bulbs either 

 on their upper surface or upon their lateral area. 



The Tongue of Cariaciis virginiamis. 



General Description. — The tongue is long and narrow, and 

 measures 174 mm. in length, 35 mm. in breadth, and is free 

 from the fraenum for 62 mm. The posterior part of the dorsum, 

 which is somewhat raised above the level of the anterior, is 

 coarsely papillate, and falls off in the direction of the epiglottis. 

 The anterior dorsal surface is impressed by a slight mesial 

 groove, 43 mm. long, which terminates at the tip. The tip is 

 obtuse, the under surface smooth, and the usual fleshy eleva- 

 tions project from the extreme basal region of the organ. The 

 fungiform papillae are small and uniformly distributed over the 

 dorsum, those near the lateral margins blending with those of 

 the circumvallate type. They are also thickly placed about the 

 tip, especially its inferior aspect. There are thirteen circumval- 

 late papillae ranged on each side the median line, those most 

 posteriorly placed being 30 mm. from the epiglottis. At the 

 junction of the papillate with the non-papillate surface there is 



