No. I.] OBSERVATIONS ON THE GUSTATORY ORGANS. 85 



the tongue, and is not sharply defined. The seven circumval- 

 late papillae are arranged in two lines converging backwards. 

 No lateral gustatory structures were detected. 



GUSTATORY STRUCTURES. 



The Circumvallate Papilla;. — The papillae are small and 

 rather deeply set, and are more or less lobate. They measure 

 1.90 mm. transversely, and are 1.30 mm. in height. The outer 

 walls appear to have developed from the simple papillae adjacent. 

 Superimposed on some of the papillae are two or more of the 

 fungiform type. Single fungiform papillae thus placed have 

 already been observed in Lepiis, Castor (Tuckerman), and Stis 

 (Schwalbe). Serous glands are not abundant. Their ducts 

 open into the trenches at the usual places. The bulbs are dis- 

 posed on the lateral area in ten to twelve tiers, there being 

 about one hundred bulbs in a tier. In the lobate papillae the 

 walls of the mid-trench are also filled with bulbs. Isolated 

 bulbs likewise occur to some extent on the free surface of the 

 papillae. The superimposed fungiform papillae usually bear a 

 single small bulb at their upper part, the latter lying vertically, 

 direct^ in the long axis of the papilla. They measure in this 

 region 0.045 "Cdva. in length and 0.024 mm. in breadth. The 

 bulbs of the circumvallate papillae are small for an animal of 

 this size, measuring 0.060 mm. in length and 0.033 n^n^- iri 

 breadth. 



The Tongue of FcHs catus. 



General Description. — The organ measures 84 mm. in length, 

 30 mm. in breadth, and is free from the floor of the mouth for 

 30 mm. The anterior dorsal surface is flattened and beset with 

 the usual long, hard, retroverted spines of the Carnivora. The 

 papillae do not extend to the tip, and cease some distance from 

 the lateral margins. The tip is obtuse, and the edge, as in F. 

 domcsticiis, is bordered with both small and large fungiform 

 papillae. The fungiform papillae are scattered over the portion 

 of anterior surface not sheathed with cornified papillae. I 

 detected but five papillae of the circumvallate type. Of these, 

 four (two of which, though not contiguous, possessed an enclos- 

 ing wall in common) were on the same transverse line, and 19 



