The Morphologj^ of Cosmobia 375 



trace of an eye-ball; and (3) the two external ears, meeting each other 

 in the median line, whence the name Synote. 



For convenience in description and in order to emphasize the com- 

 pound nature of many of the structures, it will be convenient to desig- 

 nate the two components as A and B, A being the one on the left when the 

 specimen is held with the more perfect side towards the observer. This 

 rule, which can be readily understood by the help of the illustrations 

 to this article, which are designated in accordance with this system, is 

 applicable in the case of almost every specimen belonging to this series, 

 since cases in which the components are placed exactly opposite each 

 other are extremely rare, and since the rule can be easily applied when- 

 ever there is the slightest lateral torsion. If now the right and left 

 lateral aspects of each component, viewed by itself, be designated by 

 the letters r and I, the composition of a given compound organ may be 

 indicated as Ar-j-Bl or Al-|-Br, as the case may be. Thus the "perfect" 

 face, in reality composed of half faces contributed by the two components, 

 has the composition Ar+Bl, while that of the imperfect side, of which 

 a few features alone appear, is composed of the two half faces Al-]-Br. 

 This would indicate, for example, that the two external ears, which are 

 situated together upon the imperfect side, consist of the left one of A 

 and the right one of B, as a moment's inspection will prove. 



As with all monsters of this type, the two components become more 

 nearly opposite each other posteriorly, and at the level of the common 

 umbilicus they are practically quite opposite, that is, their median sagittal 

 planes coincide. This may well be shown by a comparison of the parts 

 at different levels, beginning with that of the mouths. The mouth of 

 the perfect side leads into a pharynx of normal appearance, furnished 

 with a good tongue, while the imperfect side has a much narrowed 

 pharynx, without external opening, and fitted with a narrow, tapering 

 tongue. Tongues and pharynges thus correspond to the two apparent 

 faces, the apparently normal ones for the perfect face and the narrow ones 

 for the imperfect face. Each is thus not an organ belonging to a single 

 component, but compound in the same way that the faces are. The 

 same relationship obtains in the case of all organs that face the same 

 way as these, namely, towards the sides of the components. 



In the center of the transverse pharyngeal plane there lies a single 

 common oesophagus, into which both pharynges open. Upon the ap- 

 parent ventral side of each neck, lateral in respect to the components, 

 there is placed a larAmx, one upon either side of the oesophagus. Each 



