Joseph Marshall Flint 23 
bronchus or a bronchus whicn corresponded to it in his extensive work 
on the reptilian lung. (Personal communication. ) 
Blisnianskaja, 04, from the study of a series of models of the lungs 
of human embryos concludes that His’ criticism of Aeby’s nomenclature 
is correct, and accordingly divides the branches of the main bronchus 
into two groups, namely, a dorsolateral representing Aeby’s dorsal 
series, and a ventrolateral including Aeby’s ventral group. She states 
that this revision is justifiable even from a study of Aeby’s own illustra- 
tions. These two series originate so that a line connecting their roots, 
from two more or less spiral lines on the stem bronchus. The eparterial 
bronchus, according to Blisnianskaja, is a dorsal branch of the first 
ventrolateral bronchus, which emancipates itself and wanders up on 
the stem bronchus according to the ideas of Willach, Minot, Narath, 
and Huntington. The entire dorsolateral group are similarly placed 
originally upon the ventrolateral group, they separate and wander up 
on the stem bronchus to receive a separate origin. As the eparterial 
on the right side is the first dorsolateral bronchus, Aeby’s first dorsal 
bronchus becomes Blisnianskaja’s second dorsal element. The apical 
bronchus on the left side is homologous then to the eparterial on the 
right side. The Bronchus cardiacus is also a division of the 1st ventro- 
lateral bronchus on the right side, which separates from the mother 
branch, passes downwards, and receives a final origin upon the stem 
bronchus. Since the eparterial bronchus arises from the 1st ventro- 
lateral, Blisnianskaja believes that the upper and middle lobe with the 
cardiac bronchus on the right side are equivalent to the upper lobe on the 
left side, and that the lower right lobe is equivalent to the left lower lobe. 
The form of the embryonic lung is influenced by the large fcetal heart 
and by the long development through which the human trunk, especially 
the thorax, passes. Blisnianskaja believes the method of division is 
sympodial or unequal dichotomy. She has never observed a bronchus 
originating from the complete bronchial tube by the monopodial growth. 
A glance at this review of the literature shows a unanimous agree- 
ment among the various investigators only upon the independence of the 
lateral group of bronchi (ventral of Aeby, His, and Narath). There 
is, however, with the exception of Willach and Fol a general recognition 
of the fact that the mammalian lung arises from an unpaired anlage. 
Although supported by objective investigations, the interpretation of the 
origin of the other groups of bronchi, the method of their growth, and 
their significance for the architecture of the bronchial tree have varied 
within wide latitudes. We may be said at the present time to have no 
settled views upon the development of the bronchial system. In view of 
