Benson A. Cohoe 179 
usually displayed a lobule or a portion of a lobule, consisting of branch- 
ing tubules in place of the ordinary alveoli or ducts. W. Krause, 84, 
believed that this gland was undoubtedly a morphologically and fune- 
tionally differentiated portion of the submaxillary gland, tubular in 
form, which represented a rudiment of the gl. sublingualis, the con- 
nection of which with the ductus submaxillaris was altogether secondary. 
The mass of evidence, brought by the majority of investigators, 1s 
opposed to the existence of a clearly differentiated portion of this gland 
in the sense of Bermann. Beyer, 79, after .a series of researches upon 
this subject, maintained that Bermann’s gland was none other than 
a gl. sublingualis. Von Ebner, gg, as a result of experimentation, re- 
garded Bermann’s gland as being produced by a stasis of secretion 
in the broad lumina of the gland tubules. Illing, 04, after a comparative 
study of the gl. submaxillares of the domestic animals, could not confirm 
the presence of this gland: “ Eine sog. Bermannsche Driise, wie sie von 
Bermann als eine deutlich differenzierte, besondere, zusammengesetzte 
tubulése Driise in der submavxillaris beschrieben wurde, habe ich weder 
bei Hunde und Katze noch beim Kaninchen oder irgend einem anderen 
Tiere konstatieren kénnen.” In order to substantiate his opinion, he 
sectioned the entire submaxillary glands of several rabbits, and recon- 
structed models of the same. In no case did he find a differentiated 
tubular portion of the gland. He concurs with the view, expressed by 
a number of other observers, that Bermann’s gland is simply a portion 
of the gl. sublingualis (polystomatica), which frequently hes in such 
close proximity to the gl. submaxillaris as to be sectioned along with it. 
S. Mayer, 94, in his Gland Studies, has noted that forms conforming 
with Bermann’s description (“ rein tubuldsen Driise ”) may be found in 
the gl. submaxillaris and parotis of the rabbit, and in the gl. parotis 
of the dog. Among the structures occurring in the region of the sub- 
maxillary gland, presenting sources of errors for observers, he mentions 
the “ Winterschalfdriise,’? found in many animals in this region. In 
the female rat he has noted the presence of mammary gland tissue ex- 
tending into the submaxillary region, and he suggests the possibility of 
Bermann having mistaken degenerated mammary gland tissue for a 
differentiated portion of the submaxillary: “ Es ist leicht modglich, dass 
Bermann in den von ihn geschilderten, in der Nachbarschaft der Sub- 
maxillardriise gelegen ‘ rein tubulosen Driisen, auch riickgebildete Milch- 
driisen lippchen vor sich hat.” 
In a study of many glands during the present investigation a specially 
differentiated part of the gland, as described by Bermann, was in no 
instance observed. 
