Basil C. H. Harvey 223 
of the mucosa. In nearly all preparations of late stages small cysts 
appeared occasionally. In sections of material taken from the pyloric 
end of the anastomosis, which extended into the pyloric region, and 
studied five and a half months after operation dilatations in the gland 
lumina appeared throughout the section. A section from the cardiac 
end of the same anastomosis was clearly in the fundus region and 
showed cystic dilatations in three glands only next the line of union of 
gastric and intestinal mucous membrane. Similar cystic structures ap- 
peared also in the duodenum. Such cystic dilatations appear constantly 
in considerable numbers in the healthy mucous membrane of the cardiac 
region (Schaffer, 97, and Bensley, 02), but in the fundus region they 
seem to be associated always with subacute or chronic inflammation. In 
my preparations they occur in a place where the mucous membrane has 
been subjected by the operation to a very considerable irritation which 
is perpetuated by the abnormal conditions introduced by the operation. 
Such cystic dilatations appear in gastric ulcer (Krukenberg, 88) and 
some dilatation of gland lumina has been reported in ulcer, carcinoma, 
and chronic gastritis by nearly every pathologist who has written upon 
these subjects. Occasionally they are filled with a homogeneous, or 
sometimes (in alcohol hardened material), granular substance which, 
because it stains in mucus staining dyes I consider to be mucus. Fre- 
quently they are empty or contain only a very small quantity of mucus 
as a layer upon their walls. Their primary formation probably depends 
upon the increase in the secretion of mucus which goes on during most 
inflammations of the stomach, and probably also on an associated increase 
in its tenacity interfering with its rapid removal and producing accumu- 
lations in these dilatations. The fact that some are empty may be ex- 
plained by the digestion in situ of the mucus and its replacement by a 
watery substance, which does not remain in the section. Cade, o1, points 
out that by this dilatation of their lumini the glands approximate the 
pyloric type, and makes of this point a confirmation of his conclusion 
that the glands near the anastomosis are changing in nature and becoming 
true pyloric glands, but since such a change occurs generally in gastric 
inflammations, and since an inflammatory process exists in the glands 
under consideration, that seems to afford a reasonable and _ sufficient 
explanation of the dilatation. 
In the cells of the foveolar wall there are no marked post-operative 
changes. Where the foveole are greatly distended the cells become 
shorter and may be cubical or even flattened with corresponding altera- 
tions in the form of the nuclei which he in their attached ends. Other- 
wise these cells retain their normal characteristics. 
