Herrick, Modern Algedo7iic Theories. 



21 



sential similarity of these feelings to others with simple sensa- 

 tional basis. The following classification may prove convenient: 



I. Feelings. 



II. Occasions. 



Sensations. 



Normal (moderate) 

 sensory stimuli. 



Sense gratification 

 and pain. 



Super-normal stim- 

 uli, with tendency 

 to irradiate. 



General 

 feelings. 



total 



Diffuse (somatic, es- 

 pecially "total '■) 

 stimuli. 



Emotions. 



Somatic changes 

 occasioned or ac- 

 companied by 

 cortical activity. 



Impulses. 



Reflexes excited by 

 somatic and cor- 

 tical activity. 



Sentiment. 



Persistent cortical 

 changes. 



Disposition. 



Reactions of cortical 

 residua on new 

 data of conscious- 

 ness. 



This series of subjective states is not to be regarded as 

 arbitrary, but capable of the most far-reaching inter-penetra- 

 tions. Of course it may be claimed that there is a great gap 

 between sensation, or even bodily pain and pleasure, and the 

 emotions which depend chiefly upon data of a higher intellect- 

 ual character. Between these two groups is another, which 

 seems, in part at least, to bridge over the interval, the total or 

 general feelings. 



Sensations, as the most direct responses of the conscious- 

 ness to external irritations in which the bodily participation is 

 more direct than in the subsequent processes (perception, etc.), 

 afford the sirnplest data of consciousness. Even in this case, 

 however, the nature of the response varies with the organ in 

 respect to the amount of subjective participation. Thus, sen- 

 sations are excentrically projected or externalized ; the former 

 in the case of tactile, gustatory, thermic, and algesic senses ; 

 the latter in the case of special senses — visual, auditory, and 

 olfactory. 



That this is not a primitive difference, but is developed 

 through associations of several senses, is proven by such facts 

 as that when a blind person is suddenly given sight, the exter- 

 nal world seems to touch the eye, i.e., is excentrically projected 

 rather than externalized. That externalization is possible to 

 the tactile sense or " muscular sense " is shown by hyperexcen- 



