Shinkishi Hatai 433 
Pearson and Lee’s data show that the correlation in the first two 
instances (length and breadth, and length and height) are about the 
same and are much higher than that of the last case (breadth and height). 
In the albino rat, length and width, and length and height also give nearly 
the same degree of correlation as in man, but the values obtained are 
smaller than for the width and height. Thus in this respect the rat and 
man show reverse relation. The difference is probably due to differences 
in relative development of the several bones of the cranium depending on 
the skull form characteristic for the two species. 
Whether or not it is a general phenomenon in the lower mammals that 
the coefficient of correlation is higher in the male than in the female, as 
is shown in the albino rat, needs further observation. It has been pointed 
out by Pearson, 97, that in the human race with advancing civilization 
woman tends to gain in correlation on man. It is clearly seen from the 
data given above that in German skulls the coefficients of correlation tend 
to be higher in the female than in the male while in the Ainos the reverse 
relation is true, favoring the view maintained by Pearson. Pearl, 06, 
who compared a large number of brain records with other body characters 
in the case of Bohemians, Bavarians, Hessians, and Swedes found that the 
weight of the brain also tends to be more highly correlated with other 
characters in the female than in the male. 
(c) Correlation between cranial capacity and other cranial measure- 
ments.—The cranial capacity as determined with the shot gives high 
degree of correlation with the length of the entire skull as well as with the 
three diameters of the cranium. This is shown in the following table: 
TABLE VII. 
Male. Female. Difference. 
Cranial capacity and length of the 
CMGI SHUM, Faye, cree crctsveren ober ans "erence .678 + .050 484 + .072 .194 + .088 
Cranial capacity and fronto-occipital , 
OTA aton sven onretcrarorneaiecscsiontene are -(61 + .039 TT = .062 .184 + .073 
Cranial capacity and squamosal 
GUSEAN Che carn tac crow ocisuececverelorneccres .838 + .028 .632 +.057 .206 + .063 
Cranial capacity and height of skull .760 + .039 .666 + .053 .094 + .066 
Cranial capacity and (height x 
Istana SC ayalohla) yes Gooosooasd0Kc .836 + .028 .854 + .026 —.018 + .038 
_ As is shown in Table VII the coefficients of correlation are in general 
higher in the male than in the female, but when compared with their 
respective probable errors the differences are not large enough to warrant 
laying much stress on the apparent superiority in male sex, except in the 
one case of the cranial capacity and squamosal distance. It is therefore 
