406 



All this means the transference of the articulation upon the lateral 

 mass of the quadrate and jaw, and the relief of the median portions 

 which latter may ultimately be set quite free. 



More instructive are the Theromorpha. InProeolophon the 

 quadrate is still in the typically primitive Reptilian condition and 

 stage. In Galesaurus, Owen, Brit. Mus. No. R/511, the quadrate 

 is much reduced in hight, so that the squamosal has approached the 

 articulare which latter seems moreover to be in contact with the long 

 jugal. In a specimen of Gomphognathus polyphagus, R/2578, 



Gomphognntluis. 



^^.xa.-v^^^^ A ;^3 



Co\rör\- 



Cynognathus. 



Galesaurus. 



Fig. 4. 



the squamosal and jugal combine to overlap, and to squeeze out from 

 view, the much diminished quadrate; but although it is impossible to say, 

 if, or if not, the mandible articulated directly with the squamosal, the 

 knob formed by the squamosal and jugal is very strong and hangs 

 down deeper than the quadrate. In Cynognathus crateronotus 

 the much broadened articular region of the mandible, articulating with 

 the quadrate by the usual, but very broad facets, has developed an 



