Haggerty, Imitation in Monkeys. 419 



entirely gone in the fourth and fifth. It received a decided accentuation in 

 the first test, after No. 3 had seen No. 2 get food four times. In the second 

 test it seemed about the same, but in the third test it led No. 3 to repeat in 

 detail the movements of No. 2 and to secure the same result. 



C. Behavior of No. Jf. 



PrcJiminanj trials. — First test. After four minutes in the cage No. 4 went 

 to the button, put both hands on it, bit at the Ivuob and bottom of the button 

 and turned away. She spent the remainder of the time on the floor of the 

 cage and on the wire. She returned to the door a number of times, but made 

 but little effort to get food. 



Second trial. On the second day No. 4 went to the door frequently and 

 occasionally to the button, but she made no effort to manipulate either. 

 Slie was anxious to get out of the cage. 



Third trial. On the third day No. 4 went to the door, but made no effort 

 to get food. Later she smelled at the button, but made no effort to move it. 



Fourth trial. On the fourth day No. 4 paid no attention to either the 

 door or the button. 



Fifth trial. On the fifth day the behavior of No. 4 was as usual. She bit 

 at the button once or twice in passing and went to the door twice. 



Imitation tests. — No. // imitating No. 2. — In each of the following tests 

 both animals were in the cage together. 



First test. No. 4 at first was not inclined to notice No. 2. She saw five 

 times in twenty-three. No. 2 was frequently prevented from opening the door 

 until No. 4 was looking. She often saw the door open, but paid no attention 

 to the button or to No. 2. When finally she saw No. 2 push the button, she 

 went immediately and did the same thing. She did It thi-ee times more 

 while No. 2 was present. 



When No. 2 was out No. 4 worked two minutes at the door and then walked 

 over to the button and pushed it back. This disclosed the opening behind the 

 button and she thrust her hand out. She withdrew it immediately and came 

 back to the door and got food. When the apparatus was reset she went 

 to the button immediately; pushed it back, thrust her hand out and came at 

 once to the door and got food. She repeated this four times. Then she 

 ceased to thrust her hand out, and came immediately to the opened door. 

 Within five minutes she had gotten food ten tinaes. 



Summary of Behavior of No. i in the Button Experiment. 

 The behavior of No. 4 was decidedly changed by seeing No. 2 push back 

 the button. For five days, fifteen minutes per day, she had had the oppor- 

 tunity to get the food by pushing the button, but had not done so. Yet she 

 pushed the button within five seconds after seeing No. 2 do it. There is no 

 evidence as to whether she connected the button with the food at the time. 

 The directness with which she later went from the door to the button, 

 pushed it back and came back to the door to get food would indicate that she 

 had made the connection. That the association was complete aftei" the 



