264 168 
Largest specimen: Long. 31 mm., alt. 26 mm. 
Distribution: — Singapore (low water, Sv. Gap), Poulo Condor, Philippines. 
It is very disheartening to look through the literature of the species of the 
genus Chama, and of their distribution, because of the uncertainty and casuality 
which prevail in it; this is of course for the greater part due to the bad diagnoses 
and figures in which the characteristic marks of distinction, e.g. in the sculpture, 
are disregarded, and instead are given long descriplions of insignificant and usually 
individual details pertaining to colour and outline; but certainly authors are often 
too careless in determining solitary specimens without having a large quantity of 
material at their disposal for comparison — better no determination than an 
erroneous one. It is very characteristic when Ep. v. MARTENS! says “Die Arten dieser 
Gattung sind sehr schwer gegeneinander abzugrenzen, daher ihre Bestimmung ‘und 
Benennung oft etwas willkirlich,’ and A. H. Cooke:” “It would be impossible 
here to enter into a discussion of the facts in the case of a genus notoriously so. 
variable as Chama, when ReEEve has made fifty-five species out of material prob- 
ably better represented by ten.” 
Chama fragum, Reeve. 
Chama fragum, ReEveE, Conchol. icon., IV, 1847, Chama, Sp. 48. 
— -- Martini u. CHEmNirz, Conchyl. Cabin., VIII, 4 Abth., p. 22, pl. 10, figs. 2—3. 
— — Crosse & FiscHer, Journ. de Conchyl., vol. XL, 1892, p. 76. 
Koh Kram, 380 fathoms (7/2). S. of Koh Chuen,. 30 fathoms, shells (2). Koh 
Chang, at low tide (1). North end of Koh Chang, 1 fathom, old coral blocks (2). 
The sound between the stations, 3—5 fathoms, soft clay (1). Coast of Lem Ngob (1/2). 
West coast of Cambodge in the Gulf of Siam (Pavie). 
Long. 27 mm., alt. 31 mm. 
Distribution: — Persian Gulf (MeLvitL & STANDEN), Aden (SHOPLAND), Red 
Sea (SturANny). — Philippines, Hong Kong, Spencer’s Gulf, South Australia? (ANGAs), 
Samoa and Cook’s Isls.? (Mus. Godeffroy). 
Chama granulata, Clessin,* is probably nothing else but the present species. 
Chama cristella, Lam. 
Chama cristella, LAMArck, Hist. nat. d. anim. s. vert., VI, 1819, p.96. — éd.2, 1835, VI, p. 585. 
_ Reeve, Conchol. icon,, [V, 1847, Chama, Sp. 42. 
Reeveana, Ciessin, Marvini u. CHEMNITZ, Conehyl. Cabin., VIII, 4 Abth., p. 38, pl. 16, figs. 3—4. 
Between Koh Mesan and Koh Chuen, 15 fathoms, stones (2). S. of Koh Chuen, 
30 fathoms, shells (1). 
Long. 21 mm., alt. 28 mm. 
Distribution:— Mergui Archip., Moluccas (CLEssin). — Java, Celebes, 
Spencer’s Gulf? (South Australia, ANGAs). 
' Die Mollusken d. Maskarenen u. Seychellen, 1880, p. 147. 
* Annals and Magaz. of Nat. Hist., Ser. 5, vol. 18, p. 96. 
’ Marvint u. CHeEMnNitz, Conchyl. Cabin., loc. cit., p.40, pl. 17, fig. 4. 
