10'3 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



It is curious that while the legs of the birds have become 

 coated with the matter, the bills have not been affected. In 

 the drawers are a few pieces of camphor and some bitter- 

 apple to keep off moths, nothing else. If you or some of 

 the readers of the 'Entomologist' can recommend a remedy 

 I shall feel much obliged. — Clermont; Raven sdale Parky 

 Newry, March 28, 1868. 



[The substance sent is a resinous exudation of cedar, 

 which I believe can never be got rid of. I have answered 

 Lord Clermont's inquiry in course of post, but the subject is 

 one of such vital importance that 1 thus notice it publicly, 

 in the hope that it may save some of my readers from the 

 ruinous sacrifice inevitably entailed on the possessor of a 

 cedar-wood cabinet. — Edtvard Newman^ 



Management of Piipte. — I shall feel greatly obliged if you 

 will kindly answer the following questions in the July num- 

 ber of the ' Entomologist :' — Is it necessary to keep pupae in 

 wet sand ? I have never done so ; nevertheless I have been 

 specially fortunate in not having many cripples ? Is it 

 desirable to keep the larvae of different Lepidoptera in sepa- 

 rate cages ? And will you kindly specify the kind of gauze 

 to which you allude in your interesting Butterfly Number of 

 ' Young England'? — the caterpillars gnaw most determinedly 

 that which 1 have used, thereby often effecting their escape. 

 Is it preferable to keep the cages in the open air ? On more 

 than one occasion a drop of water has revived an apparently 

 dying caterpillar : would it be well to sprinkle the cages and 

 food with water daily ? — {Miss) E. Newman ; West-End 

 House, Uxhridge, June 1, 1868. 



[I have never kept pupa? in damp sand, or indeed in sand 

 of any kind, as it is almost certain to become moiddy on the 

 surface, the mould frequently extending to the pupae and 

 eventually destroying them. I use the catkins of the birch 

 rubbed into separate scales, and mixed with light peat earth 

 or Sphagnum, which seems rarely if ever to get mouldy. I 

 recommend most decidedly that each species of larva should 

 be kept separate. The gauze or lens used to cover the 

 cylinders in which larva? are kept is of no particular kind. It 

 is now ahnost invariably stretched over the top of the glass 

 cylinder, and gummed or pasted tightly down ; the larvje can 

 only reach it by climbing the glass, which 1 have scarcely 



