THK HNTOMOLOGIST. Ji97 



in so (lining, entirely encircle the base of each of the seg- 

 ments 4 to 7, bolh inclusive, with a dark yjigmentary band : 

 by this time the dorsal vessel becomes much more indistinct, 

 on the head and thorax slowly deepening in tint ; the wing- 

 sheatlis enter upon their coloration, the back parts turning- 

 darkish from the shoulder downwards, and in a short time 

 assume a dark brownish tone, the remaining parts of the 

 wings deepening into a dull green tint; the abdominal seg- 

 ments are then perceived to be of a dark tint. In the course 

 of half an hour the eyes, head and thorax have turned dark 

 shining brown, the entire surface of the wing-sheaths assuming 

 a similar colour ; the abdominal segments, in order to keep 

 pace with the general economy of the pupa, deepen still 

 further in colour, and then all outward trace of the dorsal 

 vessel is lost, the pupa finally settling down to a very dark 

 shining brown, in many instances approaching almost a black, 

 others becoming quite black. — Clutrles Healy ; 74, Napier 

 Street, Hoxton, JV. 



Life- history of Fenusa Ulini, Newman. — During the month 

 of May the leaves of the common elm (Ulmus campestris) are 

 rained by the caterpillars of three distinct orders of insects, 

 viz., Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. The Lepi- 

 doptera are represented early in the month by the numerous 

 larvae of a small Microlepidopterous insect (Coleophora fus- 

 cedinella), whose peculiar mode of feeding soon causes a 

 number of little blotches to appear on the leaves. Later in 

 the month (about the lOlh) the larva of a little Coleopteron 

 (Orchestis Alni) begins feeding : the new-comer at first makes 

 a narrow mine, afterwards expanding it into a blotch ; the 

 latter is situate at the tip or sides of the leaves. At the end 

 or nearly so of the month, the larva? of the minute Tenthredo 

 whose life-history is under consideration are observed to be 

 feeding inside the leaves, making a little white-brown-coloured 

 blotch The egg is laid on the under side of the leaf and 

 close to the spot where the small rib branches off from the 

 raid-rib ; the parent fly, however, occasionally deposits an 

 egg or two at random on the leaves of Ulraus campestris, and 

 at times we may meet with a leaf of this tree containing no 

 fewer than five little larvae of Fenusa Ulnii, the little mines 

 starting out on both sides of the mid-rib : the same circum- 

 stance is also observable at times in the leaves of its other 



