320 TJIE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



history, which 1 trust soon to receive from the pen of Mr. 

 Healy, the facilis princcps of cryptocampic entomologists, 

 and to whom I have transmitted specimens of the galls : 

 I propose giving this species the provisional name of Euura 

 Alni. Next to the alder, the cultivated varieties of pears 

 seem most subject to the attacks of a Euura ; and in this 

 instance the galls project only from the vnder side of the 

 leaf: I have gathered one hundred of these galls from a 

 single tree, and in one instance only have I found two on a 

 leaf. After the escape of the perfect insect the galls become 

 somewhat shrivelled, and the ujiper surface assumes a bril- 

 liant orange colour: I give this species the provisional name 

 of Euura Pyri. The oak, so proverbial for its multiplicity of 

 its Cynips-crcated galls, is infested by a species of Euura: it 

 is far from common, and its gall, like that of the willow (Salix 

 fragilis), projects from hoili sides of the leaf: I propose for it 

 the name of Euura Quercus. It will be interesting to de- 

 termine whether this species infests both the supposed species 

 of British oak : I have hitherto only found it on that called 

 Quercus pednncnlata. The Druid;^) are ubiquitous ; every 

 tree, every shrub, every herb, appears to support a species. 

 The lordly oak, the graceful birch, the glutinous alder, the 

 polynymic bramble, the sprightly agrimony, the gay butter- 

 cuj), and the liumble toimentil, not to mention the ash, hazel, 

 hornbeam, maple, elm, beech and wych-elm, are alike 

 sid)ject to their attacks : the brown blotches on leaves, uni- 

 versally attributed to some unascertained lepidopteron, dip- 

 teron or coleopteron, proclaim their presence : their only 

 name at present is legion ; but as Mr. Healy, year after year, 

 throws the light of his researches over the Cimmerian dark- 

 ness of our ignorance, we may hope to receive for them 

 a nomenclature and arrangement. The most common of all 

 galls are those of the spruce fir, which are supposed 

 by ]\Jr. Westwood to be the work of a Hemipteron, as 

 noticed in the 'Gardener's Chronicle' for 1852, No. 37, 

 p. 580. The galls produced liy this are peculiarly beautiful ; 

 like the polymorphous galls of Cratnegus oxyacanlha and 

 Ulmus campestris, they ap])ear to originate in the woody 

 fibre and not in leaves or buds ; nevertheless, as the twig 

 swells under the expanding inHiience of misdirected sap, 

 these galls assume a regular figure, and, as in innumerable 



