242 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



of the chrysalis) and i^emaining with head down and wings 

 upward for a similar time. In answer to my request for informa- 

 tion as to the habit of other butterflies upon emergence, Mr. P. 

 N. Pierce, of Liverpool, gave his experience with Vanessa io 

 and F. urtlcce, and Erehia medea, and he has now kindly furnished 

 me with notes concerning two more, viz., V. cardui and V. poly- 

 chloros. " V. cardui,'' he writes, " emerges generally in the early 

 morning. On emerging it clings to the head of the pupa-case, 

 hanging down with its body in a horizontal position ; wings 

 hanging quite straight down ; when dry it leaves the case. 

 F. 'polychloros seems to be like A. iris, with the exception of the 

 clinging to the pupa-case. It emerges early in the morning, 

 leaves the pupa-case and crawls up the branch, and remains with 

 the wings hanging down ; but, unlike F. cardui, which clings to the 

 pupa-case in a horizontal position, F. polychloros assumes the 

 perpendicular, with its head uppermost. After remaining about 

 seven to nine hours it reverses its posture, still keeping the 

 perpendicular, only with its head downward and wings up for 

 five or six hours." There must be some reason for the reversal 

 in position. What is it ? Possibly that suggested by Mr. 

 Pierce is the correct one, — that the wings being somewhat weighty 

 drag more when hanging down than if reversed. The subject is 

 certainly interesting, and I trust that other lepidopterists will 

 contribute information upon it. — Joseph Anderson ; Chichester. 



Lyc^na bellargus (adonis). — At the time Newman's 

 ' British Butterflies ' was written nothing seems to have been 

 known (in so far as concerns our own country) of the life-histoiy 

 of Lyccena bellargus (adonis). I should be much obliged if some 

 one would tell me whether since the publication of this work the 

 larva has been discovered, and any account or description of 

 it given in entomological journals. — Joseph Anderson, jun. ; 

 Chichester. 



Lyc^na gorydon in Epping Forest. — I took a specimen of 

 the above insect near Loughton on the 29th July last, on a 

 swampy spot covered with rushes. As Newman in his ' British 

 Butterflies ' states that he took several there, I suppose there is 

 nothing unusual in this occurrence ; but although I have worked 

 the Forest for five years, I have never before taken this insect 

 there. — E. B. Bishop; 3, Primrose Terrace, George Lane, 

 Woodford, August 15, 1885. [It is unusual. — J. T. C.J 



