1921] Smith: The Biology of the Chrysopide 31 
To identify larve to species, the following features have 
been found useful in addition to the dorsal head spots; first, the 
general coloration of the larva, including the color, shade of. 
color, whether solid or spotted, the markings either side of the 
dorsal vessel, the markings in the lateral border, and the color 
of the jaws and legs; and second, the size and shape of the 
lateral tubercles, the color and comparative size of the sete on 
the same, the comparative length of the stalks of the lateral 
tubercles and the coloration of the same. The presence of 
lateral tubercles on the first abdominal segment is useful, 
especially in the case of mnigricornis, which possesses them. 
Furthermore, if the larva carries a distinct packet, identification 
is simplified, for there are only a few species known to be trash 
carriers. 
-Chrysopid larve can be readily separated from the larvee 
of the Hemerobiide, which they resemble closely by the fol- 
lowing differences. Hemerobiid larve are generally more 
slender, the first subsegment of the prothorax being especially 
longer than in the Chrysopide, as is also the case with the last 
two segments of the abdomen. When the larve walk rapidly 
the end segments of the abdomen are lifted and carried hori- 
zontally, while the head sways from side to side with a rapid 
jerky motion. The prominent trumpet-shaped pulvillus which 
occurs on all species of Chrysopidee seen by the writer or figured 
in texts is absent in the Hemerobiide. The lateral tubercles are 
also absent in the Hemerobiide. The dorsal and lateral setz 
of the latter are very short and inconspicuous, except on the 
last few abdominal segments. The jaws are heavier and more 
nearly straight than in the Chrysopide. In most species they 
come to a point rather abruptly. No known species of Hem- 
erobiide are trash carriers. 
It is frequently said that Chrysopid larve cover themselves 
with the skins of their victims. In the experience of the writer, 
this habit is confined to a few species of trash carriers which 
regularly construct a neat hemispherical packet of aphid skins, 
insect molts or parts of insect’s bodies, spider’s webs, plant 
fibers, lichens, and other similar materials. 
The writer has seen four species of trash carriers. C. 
lineaticornis, C. bimaculata, C. lateralis, and a species in Kansas 
now being reared. Allochrysa parvula Banks and Leucochrysa 
floridana Banks are in all probability trash carriers, judging 
