1916] Breeddng Habits of the Orthoptera 131 



the Acrididae than to the Mantidae. The Blattidas and the 

 Mantidas may be divided because of the pecuHar manner in 

 which each constructs its egg case. A further subdivision of the 

 Blattid^ is made to include the myrmecophilous forms. The 

 stem including the Acrididae and the Phasmidae is separated off 

 because of the following factors: These two forms have a 

 relatively poor development of the ovipositor, and a superposition 

 of the body of the male during copulation. Eggs are laid all at 

 one time, sounds are produced which consist of a crackling of the 

 wings, hearing organs are present and are located in the base of 

 the abdomen. In the Locustidas and the Crickets on the other 



OECANTHINAEj 



LOCUSTIDAE MANTIDAE 



^ ACRIDIDAE "'''*"/" BLATTIDAE 



PHASMIDAE 



GRYLLINAE \WINGLESJ 

 BRTLLinAt \ ^^CUSTIDAE^ 



MYRMECOPHILOOS 



GRYLLOTaTpINAE / \ / BLATTIDAE 



MYRMECOPHILINAE 



*FiG. 5. Classification based upon summary of factors in three preceding' 

 schemes. Right extreme indicates presence of definite ootheca, long duration 

 of copulation, superposition of body of male during copulation (in Mantidse), 

 absence of organs for production and reception of sounds and the absence of an 

 ovipositor. The left extreme indicates a complication of movements prior to- 

 copulation, absence of an ootheca, eggs laid singly, superposition of body of female 

 during copulation, presence of stridulating organs and organs for the reception 

 of sound. Forms placed in various intermediate positions show a lesser degree 

 of specialization. 



hand the ovipositor is well developed and specialized, the 

 bodies are found in various positions during the copulation but 

 there is no superposition of the body of the male, eggs are laid 

 singly or in masses of two or three, sounds produced consist of" 

 chirps, and the organs for the reception of sounds are located in 

 the anterior tibia. The Acrididae and the Phasmids are separable 

 because of differences already mentioned. A subdivision of the 

 Locustidae is made because some forms have suffered a degen- 



*Horizontal plane indicates general direction and extremes of summary oF 

 factors and processes used in classification. Lines inclined upward indicate 

 development and specialization of organs and processes, while lines inclined 

 downward indicate degeneration or loss of organs. Extent of lines indicates to- 

 some degree the amount of development or degeneration. 



