1915] Biology of Juniper Berry Insects A(el 
Male—Length 1.75 mm. Similar to the female, the first joint of the 
funicle about as long as the pedicel, much shorter than the second joint, 
joints 2 to 4 being subequal in length, club not enlarged, almost twice as 
long as last joint of funicle, tibize yellowish white with a brown stripe 
inwardly.” ; 
Larva.—Length 1.6 mm. and 0.7 mm. wide. Color dull white. The 
anterior end of larva wider than posterior end, with the head segment 
rounded. Mandibles very small and pointed. The larva is smooth 
all over, and composed of fourteen segments. 
Egg —tThe egg of this species is more or less club-shaped, one end 
being provided with a long process, while the other end is rounded and 
tapering (Fig. 13, Pl. XV). 
Another parasitic larva was found in the berries but as yet 
I have not been able to determine its host (Fig. 11, Pl. XV), 
although it might be parasitic on the Eurytoma larva or phyto- 
phagus. When a berry is cut in two, the larve are usually to 
be found in a vertical position and sometimes quite numerous. 
This larva is rather elongate, spindle-shaped, and pointed at 
both ends, the hind end being somewhat less acute. It is 
brownish in color, but lighter at both ends. In the middle of 
the larva can be seen a conspicuous uric acid concretion that is 
visible through the skin. There appear to be fourteen seg- 
ments, with the anal segment bearing two minute spines and 
slightly lobed. After boiling in caustic potash, the mouth parts 
are seen to consist of two tiny, pointed mandibles. The pupa is 
at first brownish in color but later turns black. The sheaths 
covering the mandibles and lateral edges are very prominent. 
Length of pupa 1.4 mm., width 0.7 mm. 
THE JUNIPER BERRY FRUIT FLY. 
Rhagoletis juniperinus, n. sp. 
In the latter part of September, 1913, a Dipterous larva was 
found feeding upon the fleshy portion of the Juniper berry, at 
six-Mile Creek, Ithaca, N. Y. Some were kept indoors, and on 
April 6 one adult emerged. After careful comparison with 
many descriptions of related forms, Professor Johannsen found 
it to be distinct, although closely related to R. ribicola Doane. 
Life History. It was not until the afternoon of August 12, 
that an adult male was observed on the tree. On August 21 
females were found ovipositing, the process of which lasted 
about one minute, during which time the ovipositor was worked 
at an angle of 45 degrees. Just beneath the skin, at this angle, 
