NEW WESTERN TIPULA. 
By R. W. Doane, Stanford University. 
Kertesz’s ‘‘Catalogue Dipterorum”’ vol. II (‘‘conclusum 
exitu anni 1900’’) lists 309 species belonging to the genus TIPULA. 
In 1901 I published descriptions of 52 additional species. 
Between that time and this there have appeared in various 
journals descriptions of some 16 other species, 7 of which are 
American. This makes a total of 377 species described before 
the beginning of 1911. 
All who have worked with the genus know that long ago it 
became unweildy and realize that it should be divided into a 
number of smaller genera. But no one has yet been able to 
separate the genus into groups well enough defined to be worthy 
of generic or even subgeneric rank. My studies have convinced 
me that any satisfactory division of the group must be founded 
on a study of the structure of the hypopygium. This will mean 
that all the types that are available will have to be re-examined, 
for few if any of the earlier descriptions describe this organ in 
any detail, even the late descriptions refer only briefly to the 
more conspicuous parts and pass the others over entirely. That 
the structure of these often remarkably complicated organs is 
the final test for the determination of species has been demon- 
strated time and again when two or more forms, exactly alike 
in all other respects, have been found to exhibit constant 
striking differences in the structure of the hypopygium. 
Hesitating to add still more species to the genus until some 
such a division is made, I have refrained from publishing 
descriptions of new species, having during the last ten years 
described only a few forms that were, on one account or another, 
of particular interest. I find now that I have in our collections 
here many undescribed species some of which I have been sending 
out to my correspondents with manuscript names. In order 
that these names may be legitimate and that I may more easily 
keep our large collection of Tipulide in better shape, I have 
decided to publish descriptions of a few of the undescribed 
species that I now have before me, confining myself, in this 
paper, to western forms. 
AI 
