1912] Anatomy of Tomato-worm Larva 251 
cephalic end within the head. It proceeds from the ventrally- 
located, mouth opening, dorsad and caudad till it enlarges into 
a region called the cesophagus. The more or less distinct 
flexure in the pharynx occurs for the most part caudad of the 
two head ganglia. The abruptness of this flexure depends 
in great part upon the position of the head. The pharynx as 
represented in the figures has been straightened. Arising from 
the pharynx are bundles of muscles that attach themselves to 
the head capsule. 
(Esophagus—As the pharynx begins to widen caudad of 
the flexure within the head, the cesophagus (0e) here begins and 
extends caudad to the ventriculus (ve), which is in the cephalic 
region of the metathorax. This trumpet-shaped piece has a 
finely, transversely striated ectal surface. 
Ventriculus —The ventriculus (ve), is a long, straight, large, 
transversely folded tube, which extends from the caudal end 
of the cesophagus to the caudal portion of the sixth abdominal 
segment. The transverse, folded, outer covering of the ven- 
triculus is divided into six areas by means of six fine, longitud- 
inal bands of muscles, which extend the full length of the 
ventriculus. The six bands have the following positions. One 
band is dorsal along the meson, one ventral along the meson, 
two dorso-lateral, and two ventro-lateral. 
Gastric Ceca.—Located at the dorso-cephalic end of the 
ventriculus, between the terminations of the muscle bands, 
there are four groups of small, white, rounded bodies (ce), the 
gastric ceca. 
Small Intestine.—Caudad of the smooth, slightly converging, 
caudal end of the ventriculus, there is a distinct constriction, 
which is immediately followed by a small ring-shaped area, the 
small intestine (s.7.) On the ectal surface of the small intestine, 
pits exist through which trachez and muscles fibres-enter. From 
the ventral aspect, two small bladders may be seen, which 
enter the small intestine at its latero-cephalic portions. 
Large Intestine—The smallest constriction in the caudal 
region of the alimentary tract, which is just caudad of the small 
intestine, is the beginning of the large intestine (J. 7.). Imme- 
diately following this middle constriction there is a flaring 
shoulder, which again becomes constricted caudad, but not 
to as great an extent as the constriction just described. Two 
more small, shoulder-like areas follow this constriction, the 
