TOU2 | Internal Anatomy of Icerya Purchasi 387 
preceding ganglia. These “‘lines of division” are really, prob- 
ably, lines of fusion of pairs of ventral ganglia distinct in 
embryonic life. 
No nerves were found issuing from the first ganglion. From 
the second and third thoracic ganglia, rather large and prom- 
inent nerves proceed at nearly right angles. From the posterior 
division, two long, slender nerves extend back into the sixth or 
seventh abdominal segment, dividing along their course into 
three or four smaller nerves which run backward parallel to 
these posterior divisions. 
REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. 
(Plate XXVIII, Fig. 5.) 
The reproductive organs of the female consist of the ovaries, 
oviduct, vagina, spermatheca and vulva. The ovaries are 
very curiously developed in this insect. Instead of the custo- 
mary pair of separate ones, lying one on either side of the 
alimentary canal and running caudad to unite in a common 
duct, ending in the vagina, the two ovaries are found united. 
No anterior division can be found and the whole forms a loop 
united by a continuous membrane. The posterior ends unite, 
forming the vagina, and run ventrad to the external opening. 
This oviduct widens and narrows with no apparent regularity. 
The ovarioles are fastened to the oviduct throughout its anter- 
ior half. They are not found on the posterior ends of the loop, 
but the point where they stop is not clearly defined. In 
some specimens it is much nearer the vagina than in others. 
The ovarioles are given off from the oviduct either as single 
expansions connected by a long, slender tube, or in bunches 
or groups of from two to eight or ten. Usually the con- 
necting tube is longer where there is but a single ovariole 
than where there are several. The larger ovarioles are all given 
off singly, while the clusters occur as a number of much smaller 
ovarioles. Each ovariole, no matter what its size may be, is 
more or less oval in shape, and at its distal end there is always 
a constriction and a head, fitting the larger part of the ovariole 
like a circular cap. 
The spermatheca is a transparent pouch given off midway 
of the vagina. The vulva is a strongly musculated, oval, 
external orifice. 
