THE ENTOMOLOGIST 



Vol. XXXIIL] JUNE, 1900. [No. 445. 



SYNOPSIS OF EXPERIMENTS IN HYBRIDIZATION AND 

 TEMPERATURE MADE WITH LEPIDOPTERA UP TO 

 THE END OF 1898.* 



By Prof. Dr. Max Standfuss. 



Plate I. (Entom. Plate V.). 



Synopsis of temperature and hybridization experiments hitherto 

 undertaken, supplementary to the work. 



" Experimental Zoological Studies with Lepidoptera," and 

 with additions containing the principal results obtained during 

 the year 1898, in continuation of these experiments. 



The studies in question are in two directions, of which to the 

 one. Temperature Experiments, I have given my attention for 

 twelve years ; and to the other, Hj^bridization Experiments, for 

 twenty-five years. 



For the first, 42,000 specimens of about sixty different species 

 have been used, and for the second, more than 38,000 specimens 

 of over thirty species.f 



The Lepidoptera are for many reasons the best suited for 

 such experiments. Firstly, the material can be taken directly 

 from nature ; and, secondly, many species can be used in large 

 numbers. At the same time the life-history of the creatures is 

 very short, many species even in our latitude having two genera- 

 tions in the course of a year ; and, finally, the different phases 

 of their varying metamorphoses give an opportunity and possi- 

 bility of making many observations of a biological, physio- 

 gnomical, and physiological nature, owing to their generally 

 highly characteristic features. 



* Translated from the German by Edward Martin Dadd. 

 f During the year 1898, 4800 specimens were used for temperature, and 

 3200 specimens for hybridization experiments. 



ENTOM. — JUNE, 1900. P 



