169 



ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE 

 AUCHENORRHYNCHOUS HOMOPTERA. 



By Dr. H. J. Hansen. 

 (Continued from p. 120.) 



4. Fulgoindce. 



In this family I have closely examined the antennal structure 

 in Fulgora ocellata, Westw. (or a very nearly related species), 

 Dictijophara europcea, L., Caliiptoprochis stif/ma, ¥., Ci.rms 

 nervosus, L., Euryhracliys sp., Calliscelis hoiiellii. Latr,, Issus 

 coleoptratus Geoffr., Ricania sp., Poeciloptera 2>Jt(il(S7ioides, L., 

 Tettigometra costnlata, Fieb., Arceopus crassiconiis, Fabr. Mcga- 

 melus notula, Germ., Stenocarenus mmutus, ¥., and Libiirnia 

 limbata, Boh. I also examined a large amount of material with 

 a lens. 



The antennae are situated beneath the eyes, generally far 

 behind under the hindermost part of the eyes, or even behind 

 that (Fulgora), sometimes under the front part of the eyes in an 

 excavation in them {Bothriocera). They are not sunk into 

 antennal pits, but the basal segment of the peduncle is connected 

 with the chitin of the gense (cheek*;) by a broad — sometimes 

 extraordinarily broad — segment-membrane (pi. i. f. 11). They 

 are entirely different in structure from the other families, and, 

 indeed, from what is known, apparently', in other insects. 



The essential points in the antennae of the Fulgoridae are, 

 briefly : the second segment of the peduncle — which is never 

 very much smaller, but generally both longer and thicker than 

 the first — is provided with numerous large pcculiarhj formed 

 (conipound) sensorg organs; the flagellum consists of a moderately 

 small, nearly pear-shaped basal segment, which bears a single 

 sensory j^^i «"'^/' « single spike, and of a thinner, segmented or 

 unsegmented bristle, without trace of sensory organs. 



Viewed through a lens, the surface of the second segment of 

 the peduncle in a large Fulgorid of the typical subfamily (e. g. 

 Fulgora, Calyptoproctus) is seen to be strewn with numbers of 

 dark small "nodes" (pi. i. f. 11); examined in an alkaline 

 preparation more closely through a microscope, each of the 

 " nodes " is readily seen to consist of a circle of conical dark 

 chitinous pegs, which protrude and converge somewhat towards 

 the centre of the ring ; the area within the ring is filled with 

 numerous conspicuous thin generally irregularly bent rounded- 

 above lobes (f. 11, a, g, b, and 12), which are probably the seat 

 of a sense. Each of these nodes I hjive named a " compound 

 sensory organ." In Fulgora the nodes are strewn very closely 



