ISO 



Ainnils Entomological Society of America [Vol. X, 



TABLE V. 

 Nocluidce. 



Compiled from life-histories 

 Noctua satcllitia L. 

 Noctua exolitia L. 

 Noctua piniperda Panz. 

 Noctua aprilina L. 

 Noctua ochracea Hbn. 

 Noctua segetum Schiff. 

 Noctua coryli L. 

 Noctua inccrta Hfn. 



of the following species: 

 Noctua vetusta Hbn. 

 Noctua pisi L. 

 Noctua gamma L. 

 Noctua trapezina L. 

 Noctua caeruleocephala L. 

 Noctua vestigealis Rott. 

 Noctua aceris L. 

 Noctua pulvcrulenta Esp. 



In general, we may conclude that insects hibernate as (1) 

 adults, when their food habits are such that oviposition can 

 take place on the proper food at the earliest warm weather 

 (2) as larvae, when protected from the cold and thus able to 

 continue feeding to the latest date possible, (3) as pupa} or 

 eggs, because they are nonf ceding resistant stages. 



There is no evidence available as to whether or not these 

 adaptations were established by selection, mutation, or inheri- 

 tance of acquired characters. The evidence does, however, 

 show that hibernation has resulted from the repeated effect of 

 winter upon the species and that the degree to which this 

 phenomenon has become rhythmical has been determined by 

 the habits of the insect. 



LITERATURE CITED. 



1. Baumberger, J. P. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 7. 1914 (323-353). 



2. Woodworth, C. W. kept. College Agr. & Agr. Expt. St., Univ. Cal., June. 1914. 



3. Richards, T. W. Proc. Amer. Ac. Arts &- So., 33, 1897 (23-27). 



4. Weissmann, A. "Essays on Heredity," 1889. 



5. Kirby, W. and Spence, W. "An Introduction to Entomology," 3d Ed., Vol. II, 



1823, Lonilon. 



6. Pictet, A. IXo. Congr. Intcrnat. Zool. Monaco. 1913 (774-778). 



7. Judeich, J. F., and Nitsche, H. "Lchrbuch der Mitteleuropaeischcn Forstin- 



secktcnkunde," Wein, 1895, Vol. I, II. 



