238 Annals Entomological Society of America [Vol. X, 



Anal Veins. — There are two anal veins. The first is here 

 regarded as the homologue of the second anal vein of the 

 hypothetical type, because of its relation to the anal furrow, 

 because it occupies the same position as the second anal vein 

 in other Lepidoptera, and because of its identical structure 

 with that vein in some Trichoptera. In both species studied 

 the trachea is distinctly visible within the developing vein 

 cavity extending almost or quite to the end of the vein; the« 

 trachea usually persists in this vein in the imago. The third 

 anal vein is sometimes present. In N. platanella it shows 

 merely as a short spur from the base of the second anal vein, in 

 which even in the pupa, no trachea is visible. In Scoliaula 

 it is better preserved and portions of the trachea persist. 



Hind Wings (Figs. 4 and 5). 



Observations on the pupal hind wings were confined to 

 Nepticula platanella. 



Costa. — No costal trachea was discernible. Figure 5 rep- 

 resents the venation and tracheation in a wing just after 

 emergence. The costal vein is seen to be connected at the base 

 with the subcosta, apparently by a much shortened humeral 

 cross-vein, much as in the fore wing. 



Subcosta and Rx. — Early in pupal development the trachea 

 of subcosta and Ri are widely separated and Ri leaves the 

 radial stem very near the base, as shown in Figure 4. At 

 emergence they are more closely approximated and enclosed 

 within the same very broad vein cavity. A similar condition 

 may be noted wherever the tracheae persist. 



Radial Sector and Media. — The radial sector is reduced 

 to a single unbranched trachea lying in its proximal half in 

 the same vein cavity with the medial trachea. The medial 

 trachea and vein in N. platanella are unbranched as is also the 

 case in the other species and genera, except in Glaucolepis and 

 Trifurcula where the vein is dichotomously branched. In 

 Glaucolepis the medial trachea is also dichotomously branched 

 near the base and before the separation of radius and media; 

 one branch running into each of the branches of the medial 

 vein. From this it would appear that the first branch of media 

 is Mi+2 and the second M3+4. In Trifurcula the trachea is 

 single and extends into the first medial branch. 



