191/] Phytogeny of the Elateridce 247 



Leconte and Horn (1883) agree with Candeze (1857) in 

 tribal arrangement, except that they reduce Campylites to a 

 subtribe under the Athoui, which I believe to be much nearer 

 to the true position of the genus Campylus than that given by 

 Candeze. Their division into subtribes, based primarily upon 

 the shape of the posterior coxal plates, has led them into some 

 very grave errors and seems to indicate that the form of the 

 "plaque nasale" used by Candeze as of primary importance 

 has much higher ordinal value. Their subtribe Corymbitini 

 includes such widely separated forms as Pyrophorus, which 

 belongs to my subfamily Pyrophorinas, Athoiis, belonging to 

 the same subfamily, but tribe Lepturoidini ; Agrypnus, belonging 

 to the same subfamily, tribe Pyrophorini; Sericosonius, belonging 

 to the subfamily Elaterina? and tribe Steatoderini; and Melanotus 

 to the tribe Melanotini. Their subtribe Elaterini includes 

 Monocrepidius, of my subfamily Pyrophorinae, tribe Pyro- 

 phorini; Cryptohypnus, of the same subfamily but in tribe 

 Lepturoidini; Tricophoriis, of the subfamily Elaterinaj, tribe 

 Steatoderini; and Elater and Megapenthes, of the tribe Elaterini. 



O. Schwarz fl90G) in Genera Insectorum follows Candeze 

 (1891) with but few exceptions. He raises Candeze's Plasto- 

 cerini to family rank; adds the tribe Octocryptini to receive 

 the single genus Octocryptus Candeze ; Physodactylini to include 

 several genera from South America and Africa; and changes six 

 tribal names in accordance with the rules of nomenclature. 



PVROPHORIX.^. 



My first subfamily, the Pyrophorinae, is characterized by 

 having the larvae (Fig. 2) dorso-ventrally depressed, with the 

 ninth abdominal segment emarginate posteriori}^ and the 

 pleural areas membranous and visible; while in the adult the 

 front is usually flat or concave, the "plaque nasale" when 

 present is wide and the antennal fossae small. 



This subfamily is divided into four tribes, the first of which, 

 the Pyrophorini, is characterized in the larvae (Fig. 2) by 

 having the submentum triangular, bases of stipes-maxillae 

 contiguous, and mandibles without teeth on the inner surface; 

 and in the adults, by the absence of the cubital cross vein in 

 the wings. This vein is present in all the other groups with but 

 one or two exceptions, which will be mentioned later. 



