86 THE ENTOM,OLOGIST. 



were obtained between the 8th and 14th of the same month, and 

 more might have been obtained had not the moth been killed to 

 preserve for the cabinet. These eggs show signs of not hatching 

 until next spring or summer, contrary to the nature of the insect 

 in its North American habitat, where it passes the winter in the 

 pupal state, having completed the cj'cle of its active existence 

 within the months of June, July, and August. This abnormal 

 condition may, in a measure, arise from the mildness of our 

 autumn compared with that of North America, where winter sets 

 in with much abruptness and severit}', and where consequently 

 the gradations between heat and cold are not so perceptible as in 

 this climate. Attaciis Selene. — I have not been so fortunate in 

 rearing this transcendently lovely moth, the eggs of which hatched 

 too late in tlie season — 5th August — to ensure success in the open 

 air. Three larvse, however, out of four hatched, approached full 

 growth, and one of which commenced on 10th October to form a 

 cocoon, which it was never destined to complete. These larvae 

 were fed and protected similarly to those of A. Luna. The 

 caterpillar is ver}' beautiful, as indicated in my previous notes. — 

 G. J. Grapes; 2, Pownall Crescent, Colchester, Nov. 11, 1880. 



Forging Pup.e. — I have had lately rather extensive experience 

 on this subject, and have come to a decided conclusion that where 

 practicable it is infinitely preferable to allowing nature to take 

 her own course, at least as regards obtaining fine specimens at a 

 time when setting-boards are comparatively empty, and entomo- 

 logists are not working so hard as in the general season. In 

 October of last year I was fortunate enough to procure about 25 

 pupse of Papilio Machaon, several of common species, as Pieris 

 napi, P. rapce, &c., besides odd numbers of Smerinthus popuU and 

 S. ocellatiLS ; I also had 12 foreign pupte of P. Podalirius ; 

 all these I put in a breeding-cage exposed to the outer atmo- 

 sphere, where I left them for a time, as I have found it indis- 

 pensable that they should be first exposed to the frost. If your 

 readers remember, we had some cold weather in the commence- 

 ment of December, which I allowed the pupfe to have the benefit 

 of, and afterwards removed the whole batch to one of the hottest 

 houses on the nursery. The following is a record of the times 

 when the chief number of the imagines emerged : — On Christmas 

 Day three P. Podalirius came out, and shortly afterwards speci- 

 mens of Pieris napi and P. rapce ; on January 4th, 7th, 21st, and 



