Introductory papers on lepidoptera. 175 



black butterfly expanding about four inches, streaked with pale 

 green as in the green Danai, from which, however, it may be 

 instantly distinguished by a row of five moderate-sized submar- 

 ginal red spots on the hind wings. Penthcma Lisarda, a rarer 

 species from North India, expands over five inches, and is one of 

 the largest of the Indian Njimphalidce. It is black, with buff 

 streaks towards the base, and two rows of moderate-sized spots 

 towards the hind margins of all the wings. The Indian species 

 resembling Danai have all more distinctly dentated wings than 

 in the genus Da nans, but some of the African species of the 

 genus Pseudacrcea so closely resemble those of the Plancma group 

 of Acrcea that they can scarcely be distinguished from them 

 except by structural characters, of which the most salient is the 

 greater abruptness of the club of the antennae. There are also 

 species of Papilio which mimic Danaince, Acrceime, or the genera 

 allied to Hijpolimnas ; but these, of course, may be distinguished 

 at once by their six walking legs. 



The genus Euxanthe includes a few large and handsome 

 African species, with broad fore wings, which are short, and 

 hardly pointed at the tips. E. Eurinome expands about three 

 inches and a half, and is black, with a green spot in the cell, an 

 irregular row of long green spots beyond, then a shorter row of 

 smaller ones, and a submarginal row. The hind wings are green 

 at the base, the colour being irregularly divided on the outside by 

 the nervures ; and there is a row of moderately large spots 

 between this and the submarginal row of small ones. 



Some of the East Indian genera allied to Hypulimnas have 

 slightly dentated wings, with the hind wings more or less 

 rectangular. The largest and handsomest of these belong to the 

 genus Parthenos. The species expand about three or four inches ; 

 the wings are adorned with bluish or greenish markings on a 

 black ground, which are straight towards the base, and festooned 

 or sagittate beyond the middle ; the fore wings are crossed by .a 

 transverse band of large white spots, and there are several others 

 in the cell. 



Enripus HalitJtcrses is a smaller insect averaging from two 

 inches and a half to three inches in expanse, common in India, 

 and black, with longitudinal buff markings towards the base of 

 the fore wings, and a double row of spots beyond. The hind 

 wings are irregularly dentated, with a blunt projection in the 



